The Treaty of Maastricht established the European Union in 1993. The formation of the European Union was the culmination of a decades long process to more closely integrate the economies and politics of European nations to prevent further outbreaks of war.

The state of Israel was founded by a resolution of the United Nations. After the end of the Second World War, increasingly large numbers of Jewish settlers came to settle in Palestine. Sectarian violence between the Jewish and Arab populations escalated and Britain turned the authority of settling the Palestinian situation to the United Nations. In a UN resolution it was decided that British Palestine would be divided into a majority Muslim country and a majority Jewish country - thus creating the state of Israel.

The Council for Mutual Economic Assistance was created under the leadership of the Soviet Union in 1949 and included all the countries of the Warsaw Pact and communist and member states around the world. It may have been created in response to the Marshall Plan in Western Europe, certainly it can be understood as the Soviet equivalent of the Marshall Plan as it aimed to provide aid and economic assistance to potential communist nations around the world.

All of these countries were original members of the Warsaw Pact - an alliance of communist nations under the leadership of the Soviet Union in Eastern Europe- except Turkey. Turkey is a member of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and was an important capitalist ally of the United States of America during the Cold War.

The League of Nations failed for a number of reasons - not least of all the refusal of the United States’ Congress to participate. But, the biggest reason why the League of Nations failed is that it had no army of its own and could therefore not enforce any of its ultimatums or sanctions. This meant that when a country contravened the rules of the League there were absolutely no consequences.

India is a sub-continent and considered a region unto itself in Asia, despite being to the south and east of most of Asia. Despite gaining its independence around the same time as the concept of Southeast Asia developing, the British influence on its development lead to it being a Western ally.

For the countries in Southeast Asia, although many are far from mainland Asia and next to the countries now considered Oceania, their classification reflected the political conflicts of the time.

The United States played no role in the League of Nations. Although the League was the brainchild of American President Woodrow Wilson, Congress refused to ratify the treaty, which would have led to American participation.

The Truman Doctrine was first directed towards preventing the spread of communism in Greece and Turkey in 1948. It involved significant financial aid being given to these two countries by the United States’ government.

The European Economic Community was founded in 1957 by the Treaty of Rome. It may be understood as one of a few precursor organizations to the later European Union. All of these countries were founding members except Great Britain.

The Geneva Conference took place in 1954. Its primary goal was to find a way to resolve the conflicts between the forces of communism and capitalism in Korea and Vietnam and mediate the French withdrawal from French Indochina.