Saddam Hussein was the dictator of Iraq when the United States launched Operation Iraqi Freedom in 2003. While Zarkawi became a key leader in leading attacks against the American forces, he was not an official dictator of Iraq. Osama Bin Laden was a major figure in Afghanistan around the same time, but was not an officially designated member of the government. 

It was War World I that relied heavily on trench warfare. Because of this type of warfare, this conflict was very deadly, costing the lives of many. The Vietnam War and the War on Terror featured the use of guerrilla warfare.

The Persian Gulf War stands as one of the shortest American military involvements in the Middle East in the early 1990s. The War on Terror is still ongoing and Operation Iraqi Freedom officially lasted longer than the Persian Gulf War. Finally, the Yom Kippur War was between Israel and Arab states.

None of the other mentioned wars took place. During the years 1954-1962, France was involved in a war against those in Algeria who wanted independence from their imperial colonizer, France. The was was concluded with Algeria's independence. 

The Treaty of Portsmouth brought to an end the hostilities of the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905). It led to the formal recognition of Japan’s emergence as an imperial power and control over Korea and Manchuria, as well as the temporary suspension of Russian territorial ambitions in the Far East.

Much of the buildup to the Second World War was marked by the deliberate attempts of Britain and France to prevent war by conceding to Hitler’s demands. This policy is known as “appeasement” and, obviously, it failed. Hitler first remilitarized the Rhineland, then he annexed Austria, before conquering the Sudetenland from Czechoslovakia. Each of these actions led to stern condemnation, but no declaration of war. Finally, however, with the German invasion of Poland on September 1st 1939, Britain and France declared war.

The Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact was a nonaggression pact signed between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union in 1939. It also included secret provisions for the division of Poland between the two powers. Nazi Germany violated the pact in 1941 when it invaded Soviet occupied Poland.

The Cuban Missile Crisis began when the United States government became aware that the Soviet Union was putting ballistic missiles in Cuba. It is generally considered to be the closest that the two major powers came to nuclear confrontation during the Cold War. The crisis was resolved when the Soviet Union agreed to withdraw its missiles from Cuba in exchange for the United States withdrawing its missiles from Turkey.

The Long March was instrumental in the rise to power of Chinese communist leader Mao Zedong. It took place during the Chinese Civil War between the communists and the nationalists. At the time, the nationalists were winning, and the communists undertook the Long March to escape the forces of the nationalist army. The march led to Mao's coronation as the undisputed head of the communist forces and inspired thousands of young men to join the communist cause.

The re-militarization of the Rhineland was significant because it represented a German violation of the Treaty of Versailles, which established a demilitarized Rhineland to protect France from German invasion. After this incident Hitler realized that the war weariness of the other major European powers would allow him to act without fear of repercussion. In 1938 Nazi Germany annexed Austria in what is known as the Anschluss.