AP Psychology : Personality

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Psychology

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Example Questions

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Example Question #81 : Personality

Travis worries about his sexual fantasies about other men and then acts hyper-masculine around his peers. Which of the following Freudian defense mechanism is Travis’s ego exhibiting?

Possible Answers:

Denial 

Reaction formation

Identification

Projection

Sublimation

Correct answer:

Reaction formation

Explanation:

According to Freud, defense mechanisms are ways for the ego to protect the conscious mind from the anxiety that arises from unacceptable impulses. 

Reaction formation is when someone expresses an exaggerated, opposite version of how they actually feel (e.g. Travis’s hyper-masculinity in response to his worries about not being masculine enough). 

While intriguing, the other choices are incorrect. Denial is when someone acts as if the negative feelings or event causing the negative feelings does not exist. Identification is when someone takes on the characteristics of someone else in order to give himself or herself more power. Projection is when someone attributes his or her own feelings to another person or group. Sublimation is when someone channels his or her unacceptable feelings toward a more productive, socially acceptable activity/goal. 

Example Question #82 : Personality

Tom lost his beloved job as a teacher and convinced himself that he actually always hated that job anyway. Which of the following Freudian defense mechanism is Tom’s ego exhibiting?

Possible Answers:

Reaction formation

Displacement

Denial

Rationalization

Identification

Correct answer:

Rationalization

Explanation:

According to Freud, defense mechanisms are ways for the ego to protect the conscious mind from the anxiety that arises from unacceptable impulses. 

Rationalization is when someone decides or comes up with a seemingly logical explanation to justify an event and avoid the true explanation (e.g. Tom stating that he never liked his job after getting fired).

While intriguing, the other choices are incorrect. Displacement is when someone takes their negative emotions and focuses them on a different, safer target. Reaction formation is when someone expresses an exaggerated, opposite version of how they actually feel. Denial is when someone acts as if the negative feelings or events that cause negative emotions do not exist. Identification is when someone takes on the characteristics of someone else in order to give himself or herself more power. 

Example Question #83 : Personality

Sue is intimidated by her boss but tells other people that she thinks her boss is scared of her. Which of the following Freudian defense mechanism is Sue’s ego exhibiting?

Possible Answers:

Identification

Projection

Sublimation

Denial

Displacement

Correct answer:

Projection

Explanation:

According to Freud, defense mechanisms are ways for the ego to protect the conscious mind from the anxiety that arises from unacceptable impulses. 

Projection is when someone attributes his or her own feelings to another person or group (e.g. Sue projecting her feelings of fear onto her boss).

While intriguing, the other choices are incorrect. Displacement is when someone takes their negative emotions and focuses them on a different, safer target. Denial is when someone acts as if the negative feelings or events that cause negative emotions do not exist. Sublimation is when someone channels his or her unacceptable feelings toward a more productive, socially acceptable activity/goal. Identification is when someone takes on the characteristics of someone else in order to give himself or herself more power.

Example Question #81 : Personality

Leah has a frustrating day at work and then comes home and kicks her TV. Which of the following Freudian defense mechanism is Leah’s ego exhibiting?

Possible Answers:

Reaction formation

Denial

Displacement 

Identification

Rationalization

Correct answer:

Displacement 

Explanation:

According to Freud, defense mechanisms are ways for the ego to protect the conscious mind from the anxiety that arises from unacceptable impulses. 

Displacement is when someone takes their negative emotions and focuses them on a different, safer target (e.g. Leah taking out her frustration on her TV).

While intriguing, the other choices are incorrect. Rationalization is when someone decides or comes up with a seemingly logical explanation to justify an event and avoid the true explanation. Reaction formation is when someone expresses an exaggerated, opposite version of how they actually feel. Denial is when someone acts as if the negative feelings or events that cause negative emotions do not exist. Identification is when someone takes on the characteristics of someone else in order to give himself or herself more power. 

 

Example Question #81 : Personality

Rob breaks his ankle and refuses to cancel the marathon he was scheduled to run in the next month. Which of the following Freudian defense mechanism is Rob’s ego exhibiting?

Possible Answers:

Rationalization

Projection

Denial

Sublimation

Identification

Correct answer:

Denial

Explanation:

According to Freud, defense mechanisms are ways for the ego to protect the conscious mind from the anxiety that arises from unacceptable impulses. 

Denial is when someone acts as if the negative feelings or events that cause negative emotions do not exist (e.g. Robs denial of his injury and inability to run in the marathon). 

While intriguing, the other choices are incorrect. Rationalization is when someone decides or comes up with a seemingly logical explanation to justify an event and avoid the true explanation. Identification is when someone takes on the characteristics of someone else in order to give himself or herself more power. Projection is when someone attributes his or her own feelings to another person or group. Sublimation is when someone channels his or her unacceptable feelings toward a more productive, socially acceptable activity/goal. 

Example Question #86 : Personality

Sarah begins to dress the same way as her powerful mother without realizing it. Which of the following Freudian defense mechanism is Sarah’s ego exhibiting?

Possible Answers:

Projection 

Identification

Sublimation

Displacement

Rationalization

Correct answer:

Identification

Explanation:

According to Freud, defense mechanisms are ways for the ego to protect the conscious mind from the anxiety that arises from unacceptable impulses. 

Identification is when someone takes on the characteristics of someone else in order to give himself or herself more power (e.g. dressing as a powerful figure). 

While intriguing, the other choices are incorrect. Rationalization is when someone decides or comes up with a seemingly logical explanation to justify an event and avoid the true explanation. Displacement is when someone takes their negative emotions and focuses them on a different, safer target. Projection is when someone attributes his or her own feelings to another person or group. Sublimation is when someone channels his or her unacceptable feelings toward a more productive, socially acceptable activity/goal. 

Example Question #81 : Personality

Patrick gets fired from his job and channels all his energy into caring for his family instead. Which of the following Freudian defense mechanism is Patrick’s ego exhibiting?

Possible Answers:

Reaction formation

Rationalization

Denial

Sublimation

Displacement

Correct answer:

Sublimation

Explanation:

According to Freud, defense mechanisms are ways for the ego to protect the conscious mind from the anxiety that arises from unacceptable impulses. 

Sublimation is when someone channels his or her unacceptable feelings toward a different, socially acceptable activity/goal (e.g. using after being fired a person puts more effort into caring for his or her family). 

Rationalization is when someone decides or comes up with a seemingly logical explanation to justify an event and avoid the true explanation. Displacement is when someone takes their negative emotions and focuses them on a different, safer target. Reaction formation is when someone expresses an exaggerated, opposite version of how they actually feel. Denial is when someone acts as if the negative feelings or events that cause negative emotions do not exist.

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