AP Physics 2 : Circuit Components
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Physics 2
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Example Questions
Example Question #1 : Capacitors And Capacitance
Consider the circuit:
What is the total equivalent capacitance?
Equivalent capacitance in parallel is calculated by taking the sum of each individual capacitor. We can reduce the two parallel capacitors as the following:
The new equivalent circuit has two capacitors in series. This requires us to sum the reciprocals to find equivalent capacitance:
Example Question #2 : Capacitors And Capacitance
You have 3 capacitors in series. Their capcitance's are 
None of the other answers is correct
To find the total capacitance of capacitors in series, you use the following equation:
Our values for 
The answer we have is the inverse of this. Therefore, the total capacitance is 
Example Question #1 : Circuit Components
You have 4 capacitors, 
Their capacitances are as follows:
What is the total capacitance of the circuit?
Remember, the equations for adding capacitances are as follows:
Capacitors 
Example Question #2 : Capacitors And Capacitance
In this parallel-plate capacitor, the distance 
Calculate the capacitance.
The key hint to remember here is that the capacitance depends only on the geometry of the material, not the potential difference or electric field.
For a parallel-plate capacitor,
Plugging in the numbers given results in
Be careful to convert the units to meters!
Example Question #1 : Capacitors And Capacitance
Three capacitors are in parallel with each other. What can be said for certain about the total capacitance?
The total capacitance is the arithmetic mean of the individual capacitances.
The total capacitance is greater than any of the individual capacitances.
Nothing can be said for certain about the total capacitance.
The total capacitance is less than any of the individual capacitances.
The total capacitance is somewhere between the highest capacitance and the lowest capacitance (inclusive).
The total capacitance is greater than any of the individual capacitances.
Capacitors in parallel combine according to the following equation:
Because the capacitances are additive, and all of the capacitances are greater than zero, no matter what numbers you use, you will always end up with a number that is greater than any of the individual numbers.
Example Question #1 : Capacitors And Capacitance
Four arrangements of capacitors are pictured. Each has an equivalent capacitance. Rank these four arrangements from highest equivalent capacitance to lowest. Assume that all capacitors are identical.
Let's go through all of them and find the equivalent capacitance.
(A) This is just
(B) There are two capacitors in series, so this is
(C) These capacitors are in parallel, so
(D) These are a combination of series and parallel. Two are in series and they are in parallel with a third,
So, ranking them we get
Example Question #1 : Capacitors And Capacitance
If the maximum amount of charge held by a capacitor at a voltage of 12V is 36C, what is the capacitance of this capacitor?
In this question, we're told the maximum amount of charge that a capacitor can hold at a given voltage. We're then asked to determine the capacitance. To do this, we'll need to use the expression for capacitance.
Plug in the values given to us in the question stem:
Example Question #1 : Capacitors And Capacitance
Imagine a capacitor with a magnitude of charge Q on either plate. This capacitor has area A, separation distance D, and is connected to a battery of voltage V. If some external agent pulls the capacitor apart such that D doubles, did the voltage difference between the plates increase, decrease or stay the same?
Stay the same
It depends on the voltage of the battery
Increase
Decrease
Stay the same
The fact that the system is still connected to the battery indicate a constant V so regardless what happens to the capacitor, V stays fixed.
Example Question #1 : Capacitors And Capacitance
Imagine a capacitor with a magnitude of charge Q on either plate. This capacitor has area A, separation distance D, and is connected to a battery of voltage V. If some external agent pulls the capacitor apart such that D doubles, did the charge on each plate increase, decrease or stay the same?
Increase
Stays constant
Decrease
The charge is zero
Decrease
Relevant equations:
Plug the second equation into the first:
Considering all the variables in the numerator are held fixed for this problem, we see that increasing D will decrease the charge stored on each plate.
Example Question #281 : Electricity And Magnetism
Imagine a capacitor with a magnitude of charge Q on either plate. This capacitor has area A, separation distance D, and is not connected to a battery of voltage V. If some external agent pulls the capacitor apart such that D doubles, did the charge on each plate increase, decrease or stay the same?
Stays constant
Decrease
Increase
We need to know the capacitance of the capacitor
Stays constant
The charge has no where to go. Without the battery connected, the charge has no physical avenue on or off the plates.
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