The three estates in order were the Clergy, the Nobles, and all others. When the King of France needed to raise taxes for the nation he called the Estates General. Often the result would be that the third estate was the one that bore the brunt of the new taxes because the Nobles and Clergy would vote together, and each estate had only one vote. As such the third estate would often find itself as the odd man out.

Oliver Cromwell was a commander of the forces of parliament during the war. After the War he was named Lord Protector of the Commonwealth. He essentially ruled as a military dictator for the rest of his life, and he attempted to make his son the next Lord Protector after his death. Parliament, realizing that they had given up one tyrant for another, put a stop to it and invited a new King to take the throne.

Robespierre was the second President of the Committee of Public Safety. He is commonly associated with the Reign of Terror during the French Revolution as suspected Royalists and sympathizers were killed in the thousands. Eventually he met the same fate as the Reign of Terror spun out of control and caused the Convention to order Robespierre's arrest for attempting to seize control of France.

Alfred the Great unified Wessex (known today as Essex) and conquered Mercia, which made up a large part of England. Though his reign was brief his line did manage to unify much of England until conquered by William in 1066 who also unified the rest of what Alfred and his sons and grandsons could not. 

William the Conqueror was also known as William the Duke of Normandy. He was born in Normandy and gained control of Normandy in 1035, in 1066 he left to conquer England and he and his sons to follow him were successful in conquering and uniting the territory that is known as England today.

Elizabeth I brought stability in a time of turmoil for England, after the tribulations of her father Henry VIII and the mad scramble for the throne that ensued after his death, Elizabeth brought a sense of calm and poise to the ruling of England.

Alfred the Great of Wessex was key in reclaiming England for England. As a native of Wessex, fighting against Danish control of England was a daunting task, seeing as how the Danes controlled the majority of England. Through careful negotiation and wise tactics Alfred was able to seize control of Wessex and then expand his control to the other territories in England.

Vendée is a region in France. Huguenots were French protestants. The guillotine was a device used to execute people. The Bastille was a prison. The only proper answer is Jacobins.

The Carnation Revolution witnessed the fall of the Estado Novo regime and led to decolonization of Portugal's possessions in Africa. April 25 is celebrated in Portugal as Freedom Day.

The female suffrage movement really took off in the middle of the nineteenth century, but was unable to gain much ground in European society until early in the twentieth century. The turning point was the outbreak of World War One, when so many men were forced away from their workplaces to fight, and die, on the battlefield. After the women of this time period were given new responsibilities, they demanded new rights to go with them, and many governments found that they no longer could withhold the right to vote from women. The majority of European governments extended the right to vote to women either during or shortly after World War One; however, notable late adopters include France in 1944, Italy in 1947, and Switzerland in 1971.