AP Biology : Understanding Epithelial and Endothelial Cells
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Biology
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Example Questions
Example Question #521 : Ap Biology
In which of the following structures of the human body can transitional stratified epithelia be found?
Ureter
Skin
Urethra
Bladder
Skin
Transitional epithelia are specialized stratified epithelial cell layers that are present in tissues that need to stretch; therefore, transitional epithelia are located in the urethra, ureter, and bladder.
Example Question #21 : Understanding Epithelial And Endothelial Cells
Which of the following best describes where epithelial tissue is found in the human body?
Lining of body cavities
All of these
Surface of blood vessels
Surface of organs
All of these
Epithelial tissue is one of the major types of tissues in the human body. Epithelial cells function in secretion, absorption, protection, and transport. As a result, epithelial tissue is located at the interface of structures and tissues including the lining of body cavities, the surface of blood vessels, and the surface of organs.
Example Question #523 : Ap Biology
Which of the following best describes the role of cell junctions in epithelial tissue?
Maintains cell structure and rigidity
Prevents absorption of toxins
Facilitate the transport of chemical signals
Allows for contact between neighboring cells
Allows for contact between neighboring cells
Cell junctions are common in epithelial tissue because they allow for communication and contact between neighboring cells.
Example Question #22 : Types Of Cells And Tissues
During embryogenesis, epithelial tissue originates from which of the following germ layers?
Endoderm
All of these
Ectoderm
Mesoderm
All of these
During embryological development, epithelial tissue develops from all three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, and ectoderm).
Example Question #462 : Cellular Biology
Which of the following structures is created from the infolding of epithelial tissues?
Cell junctions
Glands
Keratin
Stratified epithelia
Glands
The infolding of epithelial tissue forms glands that function in the exocrine and endocrine systems. Glands secrete products that are taken up by the circulatory system for delivery.
Example Question #22 : Understanding Epithelial And Endothelial Cells
Which of the following best explains how epithelial cells are involved in sensory detection?
By chemotaxis
Secretion of hormones
Infolding into glands
By sensing external signals through cilia
By sensing external signals through cilia
Epithelial tissue has a sensory detection function that utilizes cilia to sense signals from the external environment. Once the signal is recognized and transduced, epithelial cells secrete messenger proteins that transmit the signal downstream.
Example Question #23 : Understanding Epithelial And Endothelial Cells
Which of the following is not true regarding keratinized stratified epithelia?
The exterior of the cell layers is dead
The exterior of the cell layers contains keratin
Keratinized epithelia are found in tissues that stretch
Keratinized epithelia are waterproof
Keratinized epithelia are found in tissues that stretch
Keratinized epithelia are specialized stratified epithelia. They consist of a layer of dead exterior cells that contain the protein keratin. Keratin “waterproofs” the cells, offering protection. As a result, keratinized epithelia are commonly found in mammalian skin.
Example Question #24 : Understanding Epithelial And Endothelial Cells
Which of the following is true regarding the endothelium?
It is a specialized type of epithelium
It is the lining of the lymphatic system
It is neither the lining of the lymphatic system nor a specialized type of epithelium
It is both the lining of the lymphatic system and a specialized type of epithelium
It is both the lining of the lymphatic system and a specialized type of epithelium
The endothelium is a specialized type of epithelium that lines the lymphatic and circulatory system. The endothelium originates from the mesoderm during embryogenesis and develops into squamous cells. Within the lymphatic and circulatory systems, endothelial cells function as barriers, in blood clotting, and in inflammation.
Example Question #25 : Understanding Epithelial And Endothelial Cells
Which of the following is the storage form of lipids in adipose tissue?
Starch
Proteins
Phospholipids
Triglycerides
Carbohydrates
Triglycerides
The main storage form of lipids is in the form of triglycerides. Phospholipids are found in the cell membrane.
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