AP Biology : Understand structure and importance of ATP
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Example Question #1 : Cellular Energetics
Which is NOT a reason that the phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP are high energy?
Large mass of phosphate provides significant energy when combusted
Entropy is increased when bonds are broken
Repulsion of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen
Resonance stabilization of products of ATP hydrolysis
Large mass of phosphate provides significant energy when combusted
The phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP, or the bonds between phosphate molecules, are high energy. This is due to the close proximity of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen; these charges repel. Also, there is resonance stabilization of the products of ATP hydrolysis (ADP and Pi); thus ADP is more stable than ATP. Additionally, entropy is increased when ATP is hydrolyzed; the second law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system always increases.
Example Question #1 : Cellular Energetics
Which is not part of an ATP molecule?
ribose sugar
adenine
threonine
alpha phosphate, beta phosphate, and gamma phosphate groups
threonine
ATP consists of 3 phosphate groups, a ribose sugar, and adenine.
Example Question #3 : Cellular Energetics
Which is true of an ATP molecule?
When hydrolyzed, a phosphoanhydride bond is formed
It is used for long-term energy storage
It is unstable
When hydrolyzed, delta G> 0
It is unstable
ATP is unstable; there is close proximity of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen; these charges repel. When hydrolyzed, delta G is <0 (exergonic). ATP is not used for long term-energy storage, as it is unstable. When hydrolyzed, a phosphoanhydride bond is broken.
Example Question #4 : Cellular Energetics
Which is true of ADP
ATP is produced when ADP is broken down
It contains 3 phosphate groups
It contains 2 phosphate groups
It contains more energy than ATP
It contains 2 phosphate groups
When ATP is hydrolyzed and a phosphoanhydride bond is broken, ADP and a phosphate are the products. ADP then has 2 phosphate groups.
Example Question #11 : Cellular Energetics
Which cellular process produces ATP?
Na+/K+ pump
Cellular respiration
DNA synthesis
mitosis
Cellular respiration
Cellular respiration is the process through which ATP is produced through the oxidation of glucose.
Example Question #11 : Cellular Energetics
What is the primary energy currency for cells?
oxygen
ATP
carbohydrate
GTP
ATP
ATP is the primary energy currency for cells. The phosphoanhydride bonds of ATP, or the bonds between phosphate molecules, are high energy. This is due to the close proximity of positively charged phosphate and negatively charged oxygen; these charges repel. Also, there is resonance stabilization of the products of ATP hydrolysis (ADP and Pi); thus ADP is more stable than ATP. Carbohydrates are broken down during glycolysis to produce ATP.
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