All AP Biology Resources
Example Questions
Example Question #1 : Macromolecules
Which of the following terms is defined as the process by which water breaks polymers down into monomers?
Anabolic reaction
Hydrolysis
None of these
Condensation synthesis reaction
Hydrolysis
Polymers are broken down into monomers via hydrolysis. Hydrolysis is the reverse of a condensation synthesis reaction. In hydrolysis, adding water molecules breaks the bonds between monomers. In this reaction polymers are broken down when the hydrogen of the water molecules attaches to one monomer and the hydroxyl attaches the next monomer.
Example Question #11 : Understanding Carbohydrates
Which of the following best represent the building blocks of polymers?
Unimers
None of these
Monomers
Ions
Monomers
Polymers are built up from monomers. Polymers are placed into different classes based on the different natures of the monomers that make up their structure.
Example Question #12 : Understanding Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are made up of which of the following subunits?
Lipids
Fats
Amino acids
Sugars
Sugars
Carbohydrates are polymers formed from simple sugars. Amino acids form proteins. Lipids are another class of subunits that make up fats.
Example Question #41 : Ap Biology
Which of the following best represents the smallest unit of carbohydrates?
Polysaccharides
Disaccharides
Monosaccharides
None of these
Monosaccharides
Monosaccharides are the smallest unit of carbohydrates. A disaccharide is made up of two monosaccharides joined together. A string of monosaccharides linked together is a polysaccharide.
Example Question #14 : Understanding Carbohydrates
Which of the following chemical formulas forms the base of monosaccharides?
is the base molecular formula for carbohydrates. Carbohydrates vary based on multiples of this formula (i.e. is the formula for glucose).
Example Question #11 : Understanding Carbohydrates
Identify the molecule that has the chemical formula:
Chitin
Fructose
Sucrose
Glucose
Glucose
is the molecular formula for glucose. Most carbohydrates such as glucose and sucrose have a molecular formula that is a multiple of .
Example Question #41 : Biochemical Concepts
Which of the following terms is best defined as a covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction?
Dehydration linkage
Saccharide linkage
Glycosidic linkage
Covalent linkage
Glycosidic linkage
A glycosidic linkage is defined as a covalent bond created by a dehydration reaction between two monosaccharides. The resulting product is called a disaccharide.
Example Question #17 : Understanding Carbohydrates
Which of the following best describes how energy is stored during cellular respiration?
Lipids
Sucrose
Glucose
None of these
Glucose
Energy is stored in the form of glucose. Cells, in turn, tap into glucose reserves to fuel cellular respiration. The carbon in glucose also serves as raw materials for the synthesis of other molecules such as amino acids.
Example Question #18 : Understanding Carbohydrates
Which of the following is best described as two monosaccharides joined by a glycosidic linkage?
Polysaccharide
Multisaccharide
None of these
Disaccharide
Disaccharide
When two monosaccharides connected together by a glycosidic linkage into a single unit, the product is called a disaccharide. Strings of monosaccharides linked together are called polysaccharides.
Example Question #41 : Biochemical Concepts
Which of the following macromolecules is found only in plants and is described as a polysaccharide consisting entirely of glucose molecules?
Glycogen
Chitin
Disaccharide
Starch
Starch
Starch is a storage polysaccharide in plants. It is a polymer consisting solely of glucose. Glucose is a source of fuel for cells; therefore, starch is stored for energy.