Georges Braque intentionally picked a monochromatic palette for his cubist works to highlight the way he deconstructed his images into framents. With a monochromatic palette, the viewer would have to focus on Braque’s lines and geometric shapes, rather than be distracted by blocks of saturated color or sharp contrasts between light and dark elements.

All of these are features of Rothko's work with rectangles except the notion that his works were monochromatic -in fact, the colors he employed varied over the course of his career, beginning as bright contrasting hues and moving toward darker maroons and blacks.

The technique of screen printing involves taking a stamp, covering it with cotton mesh, and inking the stamp onto a canvas to produce an exact image from the stamp. The technique, first developed in the early twentieth century, allows an artist to reproduce the same image repetitively on different pieces of art. This ability was used by Pop Artists like Andy Warhol to create similar images onto canvases which he then painted in a variety of colors to make similar, yet highly diverse, series of images.

Surrealism was inspired by the work of pioneering psychologists like Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung, and used odd, dreamlike imagery in realistic lines and shapes. Its most famous figure was Salvador Dalí, who was the archetypical surrealist. Dali's painting often featured familiar images juxtaposed with strange objects in barren and off-putting landscapes.

Grant Wood lived almost his entire life in the state of Iowa, teaching at schools and supporting organizations in the state. His painting reflected this attachment to his native region, and were articulated by Wood, along with Thomas Hart Benton, into an artistic style known as "regionalism." Wood's most famous work "American Gothic," featuring a farming couple in an honest, empathetic, yet slightly off perspective, is emblematic of the style.

Cubism, the style of art both these paintings fall under, sought to reimagine and redefine art by exploring geometric shapes and mathematical concepts. In order to reimagine the very concept of painting, cubists approached traditional styles of art in new ways. Each of these paintings is a portrait, deconstructed. The painting on the left is of a poet, (Le Poéte) by Pablo Picasso. The painting on the right is a portrait of Picasso by Juan Gris.

Figure 1: Le Poéte by Pablo Picasso (1911)

Figure 2: Portrait of Pablo Picasso by Juan Gris (1912)

A color photographic negative is still black and white, and the color is only brought to the photograph in the development process. Layers of red, green, and blue all filter into particular shades of gray to determine color in traditional color photography. Thus, a photographer can imbue the photo in slightly different ways by developing a photograph in a particular manner.

Chuck Close's painting method begins with photographs, typically portraits, which he then copies onto huge, wall-size canvases. Close's intial works in the late 1960s and 1970s were extremely realistic, looking like photographs from across a room. As Close kept changing his method, he still worked from photographs, but would add more abstract painting methods to produce his images.

Drip painting is most closely associated with the twentieth-century American painter Jackson Pollock, whose signature works involved Pollock splattering, splashing, and slowly dripping paint directly onto canvasses that were laid on the ground. The technique was used almost contemporaneously by the artist Janet Sobel, and has been consistently used by a small cadre of artists from the 1950s to the present.

Ansel Adams is well known for two related things: his sweeping black and white photographs of the American West and his many books and classes teaching photography. Most significant in relation to the latter is his development of the "Zone System." The Zone System set down specific parameters to achieve the optimal light, focus, and composition in the development of the film.