The Earth completes its orbit around the Sun or its revolution in about 365 days total. As the Earth revolves around the Sun, the position of the Earth changes, and this creates the different views of the night sky. Day and night are caused by the Earth's rotation or spin on its axis. This rotation is what causes daylight and nighttime. As the Earth changes its position, the stars appear to move in the sky as well. The stars are stationary but seem to move in the sky. Each day the Earth travels further in its orbit, and a different part of the night sky is visible.

The Earth completes its orbit around the Sun or its revolution in about 365 days total. As the Earth revolves around the Sun, the position of the Earth changes, and this creates the different views of the night sky. Day and night are caused by the Earth's rotation or spin on its axis. This rotation is what causes daylight and nighttime. As the Earth changes its position, the stars appear to move in the sky as well. The stars are stationary but seem to move in the sky. Each day the Earth travels further in its orbit, and a different part of the night sky is visible.

The graphic represents the Moon phases that can be seen over the course of a month.

NASA explains Moon phases, "We only see the Moon because sunlight reflects back to us from its surface. During the course of a month, the Moon circles once around the Earth. If we could magically look down on our solar system, we would see that the half of the Moon facing the Sun is always lit. But the lit side does not always face the Earth! As the Moon circles the Earth, the amount of the lit side we see changes. These changes are known as the phases of the Moon and it repeats in a certain way over and over.

At the new moon, the Moon is lined up between the Earth and the Sun. We see the side of the Moon that is not being lit by the Sun (in other words, we see no Moon at all, because the brightness of the Sun outshines the dim Moon!) When the Moon is exactly lined up with the Sun (as viewed from Earth), we experience an eclipse.

As the Moon moves eastward away from the Sun in the sky, we see a bit more of the sunlit side of the Moon each night. A few days after the new moon, we see a thin crescent in the western evening sky. The crescent moon waxes or appears to grow fatter, each night. When half of the Moon's disc is illuminated, we call it the first quarter moon. This name comes from the fact that the Moon is now one-quarter of the way through the lunar month. From Earth, we are now looking at the sunlit side of the Moon from off to the side.

The Moon continues to wax. Once more than half of the disc is illuminated, it has a shape we call gibbous. The gibbous moon appears to grow fatter each night until we see the full sunlit face of the Moon. We call this phase the full moon. It rises almost exactly as the Sun sets and sets just as the Sun rises the next day. The Moon has now completed one half of the lunar month.

During the second half of the lunar month, the Moon grows thinner each night. We call this waning. Its shape is still gibbous at this point but grows a little thinner each night. As it reaches the three-quarter point in its month, the Moon once again shows us one side of its disc illuminated and the other side in darkness. However, the side that we saw dark at the first quarter phase is now the lit side. As it completes its journey and approaches the new moon again, the Moon is a waning crescent."

Source: https://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/questions/question3.html

Data tables are a great way to organize information and record results from research, experiments, or investigations. A graphical display is a visual representation of the data that allows us to see the information. It also will enable patterns and trends to be more visible than a data table. According to this graphical display, a pattern can be found when the percentage of visible Moon increases or decreases. A whole year of graphs could be compared to see how the phases are continuous and repeat every month. This month shows that around the 10th of the month, the percentage of visible Moon increases and reaches a peak around the 20th and then starts to decrease.

Data tables are a great way to organize information and record results from research, experiments, or investigations. A graphical display is a visual representation of the data that allows us to see the information. It also will enable patterns and trends to be more visible than a data table. According to this graphical display, a pattern can be found when the percentage of visible Moon increases or decreases. A whole year of graphs could be compared to see how the phases are continuous and repeat every month. This month shows that around the 10th of the month, the percentage of visible Moon increases and reaches a peak around the 20th and then starts to decrease. At the end of the month, about 30% of the Moon is showing, and at the beginning of April, there was about 26% of the Moon visible, so it will be similar in May.

Based on the two graphics a New Moon is taking place from the 5th to the 7th of the month.

NASA explains Moon phases, “We only see the Moon because sunlight reflects back to us from its surface. During the course of a month, the Moon circles once around the Earth. If we could magically look down on our solar system, we would see that the half of the Moon facing the Sun is always lit. But the lit side does not always face the Earth! As the Moon circles the Earth, the amount of the lit side we see changes. These changes are known as the phases of the Moon and it repeats in a certain way over and over.
At the new moon, the Moon is lined up between the Earth and the Sun. We see the side of the Moon that is not being lit by the Sun (in other words, we see no Moon at all, because the brightness of the Sun outshines the dim Moon!) When the Moon is exactly lined up with the Sun (as viewed from Earth), we experience an eclipse.

As the Moon moves eastward away from the Sun in the sky, we see a bit more of the sunlit side of the Moon each night. A few days after the new moon, we see a thin crescent in the western evening sky. The crescent moon waxes or appears to grow fatter, each night. When half of the Moon’s disc is illuminated, we call it the first quarter moon. This name comes from the fact that the Moon is now one-quarter of the way through the lunar month. From Earth, we are now looking at the sunlit side of the Moon from off to the side.

The Moon continues to wax. Once more than half of the disc is illuminated, it has a shape we call gibbous. The gibbous moon appears to grow fatter each night until we see the full sunlit face of the Moon. We call this phase the full moon. It rises almost exactly as the Sun sets and sets just as the Sun rises the next day. The Moon has now completed one half of the lunar month.

During the second half of the lunar month, the Moon grows thinner each night. We call this waning. Its shape is still gibbous at this point but grows a little thinner each night. As it reaches the three-quarter point in its month, the Moon once again shows us one side of its disc illuminated and the other side in darkness. However, the side that we saw dark at the first quarter phase is now the lit side. As it completes its journey and approaches the new moon again, the Moon is a waning crescent.”

Source: https://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/questions/question3.html

The Moon phase that will most likely be visible in May around the 20th of the month will be the Full Moon. The Moon follows this similar pattern so we can predict what it will be like on a given day.

NASA explains Moon phases, “We only see the Moon because sunlight reflects back to us from its surface. During the course of a month, the Moon circles once around the Earth. If we could magically look down on our solar system, we would see that the half of the Moon facing the Sun is always lit. But the lit side does not always face the Earth! As the Moon circles the Earth, the amount of the lit side we see changes. These changes are known as the phases of the Moon and it repeats in a certain way over and over.

At the new moon, the Moon is lined up between the Earth and the Sun. We see the side of the Moon that is not being lit by the Sun (in other words, we see no Moon at all, because the brightness of the Sun outshines the dim Moon!) When the Moon is exactly lined up with the Sun (as viewed from Earth), we experience an eclipse.

As the Moon moves eastward away from the Sun in the sky, we see a bit more of the sunlit side of the Moon each night. A few days after the new moon, we see a thin crescent in the western evening sky. The crescent moon waxes or appears to grow fatter, each night. When half of the Moon’s disc is illuminated, we call it the first quarter moon. This name comes from the fact that the Moon is now one-quarter of the way through the lunar month. From Earth, we are now looking at the sunlit side of the Moon from off to the side.
The Moon continues to wax. Once more than half of the disc is illuminated, it has a shape we call gibbous. The gibbous moon appears to grow fatter each night until we see the full sunlit face of the Moon. We call this phase the full moon. It rises almost exactly as the Sun sets and sets just as the Sun rises the next day. The Moon has now completed one half of the lunar month.

During the second half of the lunar month, the Moon grows thinner each night. We call this waning. Its shape is still gibbous at this point but grows a little thinner each night. As it reaches the three-quarter point in its month, the Moon once again shows us one side of its disc illuminated and the other side in darkness. However, the side that we saw dark at the first quarter phase is now the lit side. As it completes its journey and approaches the new moon again, the Moon is a waning crescent.”

Source: https://starchild.gsfc.nasa.gov/docs/StarChild/questions/question3.html

Data tables are a great way to organize and analyze information from an investigation or experiment. In this investigation, a series of time-lapsed photos were taken from 6:00 am until 8:00 pm, and students measured the length of the shadow that a 1-meter long stick created as well as the angle of the shadow. When reviewing the data, a pattern was revealed about the length of the shadow. The length of the shadow decreased throughout the day until it reached its shortest measurement at the Sun's peak. The length of the shadows increased after this peak. Looking at the column labeled "length," the measurements are increasing until the Sun reaches its peak during the 1:00 pm hour. After the Sun is no longer at its highest point, the length of the shadow begins to increase again. The angle of the shadows also decreased throughout the day. Analyzing data can often lead to patterns being recognized, and predictions about future measurements can be made.

Data tables are a great way to organize and analyze information from an investigation or experiment. Analyzing data can often lead to patterns being recognized, and predictions about future measurements can be made. Based on the investigation that Mrs. Sweeterman's class conducted, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between the position of the cup and the position, length, and angle of the shadow. As the cup (Earth) moved positions, the shadow changed as well. The angle and length of the shadow also vary when the position of the cup (Earth) changes.

Antwon using a data table to present the information is a clear and organized way to help others understand what his research revealed. Based on the data, it can be seen that as the number of daylight hours increases, the number of nighttime hours decreases the further south traveled. At a latitude of 90^o South, there are 24 hours of sunlight and 0 minutes/hours of daylight compared to a latitude of 90^o North where there is absolutely no daylight. Analyzing data can reveal patterns that help us understand the natural world and make predictions about future events.

The Victoria State Education and Training department explains why this change takes place, "The Earth is one of several planets that orbit the sun, and the moon orbits the Earth. The Earth is essentially a sphere, and the sun is a nearby star, which is an unimaginably large ball of gas that radiates light and heat as products of nuclear reactions. The Earth orbits the sun once every 365 days and rotates about its axis once every 24 hours. Day and night are due to the Earth rotating on its axis, not its orbit around the sun. The term 'one day' is determined by the time the Earth takes to rotate once on its axis and includes both day time and night time."

Source: https://www.education.vic.gov.au/school/teachers/teachingresources/discipline/science/continuum/Pages/daynight.aspx