SAT II Math I : Types of Numbers

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for SAT II Math I

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Number Theory

Express 374 in base six.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 1402_{\textrm{six}}\)

\(\displaystyle 1522_{\textrm{six}}\)

\(\displaystyle 1502_{\textrm{six}}\)

\(\displaystyle 1422_{\textrm{six}}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 1422_{\textrm{six}}\)

Explanation:

To convert a base ten number to base six, divide the number by six, with the remainder being the digit in the units place; continue, dividing each successive quotient by 6 and putting the remainder in the next position to the left until the final quotient is less than 6.

\(\displaystyle 374 \div 6 = 62\textrm{ R }\underline{2}\) - the rightmost digit is 2

\(\displaystyle 62 \div 6 = 10 \textrm{ R }\underline{2}\) - the next digit to the left is 2

\(\displaystyle 10 \div 6 = \underline{1} \textrm{ R }\underline{4}\) - the next digit to the left is 4, and the digit to the left of that is 1.

\(\displaystyle 374 = 1422_{\textrm{six}}\)

Example Question #2 : Number Theory

Express  \(\displaystyle 13241 _{\textrm{five}}\) in base ten.

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 1,071\)

\(\displaystyle 1,021\)

\(\displaystyle 1,121\)

\(\displaystyle 921\)

\(\displaystyle 971\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 1,071\)

Explanation:

Place values in the base five system are powers of five rather than powers of ten. \(\displaystyle 13241 _{\textrm{five}}\) is equal to

\(\displaystyle 1 \times 5^{4} + 3 \times 5 ^{3} + 2 \times 5^{2} + 4 \times 5 + 1\)

\(\displaystyle = 1 \times 625 + 3 \times 125 + 2 \times 25 + 4 \times 5 + 1\)

\(\displaystyle = 625 +375 + 50 + 20 + 1 = 1,071\)

Example Question #3 : Types Of Numbers

Which of the following is the smallest prime number:\(\displaystyle 8,9,11,13,17\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 11\)

\(\displaystyle 8\)

\(\displaystyle 9\)

\(\displaystyle 17\)

\(\displaystyle 13\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 11\)

Explanation:

A prime number has only two factor, \(\displaystyle 1\) and itself.  

This is not true for \(\displaystyle 8 (2*4=8)\) or \(\displaystyle 9 (3*3*=9)\) so they are not the answer.  

\(\displaystyle 11, 13, 17\) are all prime numbers and \(\displaystyle 11\) is the smallest so it is your answer.

Example Question #1 : Number Theory

Which of the following is a rational number?

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2},\sqrt{5},2i,3.658\)

Possible Answers:

None

\(\displaystyle 3.658\)

\(\displaystyle \sqrt{5}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle 2i\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\)

Explanation:

A rational number is any number that can be expressed as an integer p or a fraction p/q. In the set of number given only \(\displaystyle \tiny \frac{1}{2}\) fits into that category.

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