C is the correct answer.

The molecule pictured above is an anime because it contains a nitrogen group bonded to two hydrogen atoms and one R-group. A shows an aldehyde, B shows an amide, and D shows a carboxylic acid.

For this question, we're being asked to identify a characteristic of ammonia.

First, we need to remember what ammonia is. Ammonia is a molecule that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to three separate hydrogen atoms. In doing so, these three bonds contribute to six of the valence shell electrons for nitrogen. The remaining two valence electrons exists on the nitrogen atom as a lone pair. Thus, there is only one lone pair of electrons (pair being two).

Also, the lone pair of electrons on ammonia allows it to act as a Lewis base by donating them (not a Lewis acid, which accepts electrons). Furthermore, this tendency for ammonia to donate its electrons would make it a nucleophile, not an electrophile.

In this question, we're shown the structure of the nucleoside called guanosine. We're asked to determine how many amide functional groups exist in this molecule.

First, to answer this question, we need to know what an amide functional group is. Amides consist of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom, and single bonded to a nitrogen atom. Note that this is distinct from the similarly named amine functional group, which contains a nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons and single bonded to three other atoms, which can be hydrogen or "R-groups" containing carbon atoms.

When looking at the molecular structure of guanosine, we can see that there is only a single amide group.

The molecule's longest carbon chain has 3 carbons (thus, "prop"), and the lack of double bonds makes it an alkANe (thus "propan-"). The only functional group on this molecule is the amino group (thus "propanamine"), located on carbon number 1 if read from right to left, or carbon number 3 if read from left to right. The IUPAC rules state that the correct name for a molecule numbers the carbon chain such that functional groups get the lowest numbers possible. Thus "1-propanamine."

A conjugated molecule is one that has its atoms arranged in such a way that allows p orbitals to lie parallel to each other. This allows for electron delocalization, which ultimately provides increased stability for the molecule. To find conjugated atoms, look for alternating single and multiple bonds. The circled carbon atoms are the only ones that are conjugated in this molecule.

Each alcohol group provides a hydrogen. Additionally, there are 24 "hidden" hydrogens. Refer to the photo below to see where these "hidden" hydrogens are located.

In this molecule, the carbon that is directly attached to the nitrogen and the nitrogen itself are sp² hybridized. This means that, within this bond, there are three sp² orbitals present and the lone pair on the nitrogen occupies one of them.

 is the general formula of an ether.

The first carbon that is attached to the chlorine is an alkyl halide. The oxygen that is directly attached to two carbons is an ether. Lastly, the  is a carboxylic acid.

This picture shows each functional group in its own box.

1. Phenyl

2. Ketone

3. Amine

4. Acid anhydride