ISEE Upper Level Verbal : Synonyms: Roots from Latin

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ISEE Upper Level Verbal

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Example Questions

Example Question #123 : Using Prefixes, Suffixes, And Roots To Identify Synonyms

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

FIDELITY

Possible Answers:

Demeanor

Sagacity

Luck

Loyalty

Valor

Correct answer:

Loyalty

Explanation:

The word “fidelity” is derived from the Latin roots for “faith” and is found in other words like “confident” and “infidel.” When someone shows fidelity, that person is faithful to someone or something. For instance, to say, “Raul showed fidelity to his wife all throughout their marriage, never once breaking the trust of their marriage vows.”

Example Question #171 : Synonyms

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

MARINER

Possible Answers:

Aquatic

Oceanic

Sailor

Pirate

Sergeant

Correct answer:

Sailor

Explanation:

The word “marine” means “related to the sea.” It is derived from the Latin for “sea” and is found in words like “maritime” and “submarine.” A “mariner” is another word for a sailor—a person who does his work “on the sea.”

Example Question #21 : Synonyms: Roots

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

EGOCENTRIC

Possible Answers:

Narcissistic

Lucid

Revolting

Prodigal

Prodigal

Magnanimous

Lucid

Revolting

Correct answer:

Narcissistic

Explanation:

The root "ego" is derived from the Latin word for self and the suffix "-centric" means centered on or around, so it makes sense that “egocentric” means thinking most of oneself, or“narcissistic.”“Magnanimous” means generous, particularly with money; “prodigal” means wasteful with money; “revolting” means disgusting or rebelling, and "lucid" means clear or easy to understand.

Example Question #171 : Synonyms

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

CONCURRENT

Possible Answers:

Antipathy

Reverence

Antecedent

Simultaneous

Esoteric

Correct answer:

Simultaneous

Explanation:

The prefix "con-" means with, and "-curr-" derives from the Latin for run, so it makes sense that “concurrent” means running together, or in other words, happening at the same time, or “simultaneous.” “Esoteric” means likely to be understood by a small number of people, rarefied, or abstract; “antecedent” means forerunner or something that comes before another thing; “antipathy” is hostility or animosity; and “reverence” is deep respect or worship.

Example Question #131 : Using Prefixes, Suffixes, And Roots To Identify Synonyms

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

REJUVENATE

Possible Answers:

Revitalize

Truncate

Grovel

Homogenize

Pardon

Correct answer:

Revitalize

Explanation:

The prefix "re-" can mean do again, and the Latin root "juven" means youth, so it makes sense that "rejuvenate" means make someone or something look or feel young again. This is very close to the meaning of the word “revitalize,” which means give new life to. As for the other answer choices, “homogenize” means make uniform or standardize; “grovel” means beg while on one's knees on the ground; “truncate” means shorten; and “pardon” means officially forgive.

Example Question #172 : Synonyms

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

LUSTER

Possible Answers:

Ardor

Glow

Inferno

Desire

Affection

Correct answer:

Glow

Explanation:

Do not be tricked into thinking that the word “luster” is related to “lust.” The two words come from very different bases. “Luster” is related to the same Latin root from which we get the word “illustrate.” The root means to illuminate. (An illustration “illuminates” a topic by making it visible to the eye.) The best meaning for “luster” is therefore “glow.” Something with a luster has a sheen or brightness that glows.

Example Question #132 : Using Prefixes, Suffixes, And Roots To Identify Synonyms

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

DELUGE

Possible Answers:

Spittle

Flood

Embarass

Thrust

Infliction

Correct answer:

Flood

Explanation:

The word deluge comes from the Latin for “to wash away.” The “-luge” portion means “wash” and is found in words like “dilute” and “ablution” (the washing of oneself). Often, one finds the word used in literary sources referring to “the Deluge,” referring to the Biblical story of Noah’s ark and the flood. At times, the word “antediluvian” is used to insult something by implying that something is “older than Noah’s flood.” Note that the word “deluge” can be used to indicate not only a flood of water but also any great amount happening at one time.

Example Question #173 : Synonyms

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

CURRENT

Possible Answers:

Electricity

Standardized

Transmission

Flow 

Unoriginal

Correct answer:

Flow 

Explanation:

The word “current” comes from the Latin for “to run.” Although it can mean “concerning the present moment,” it can likewise mean “to flow,” as when someone talks about the flow of water or electrical current (the “flow of electrons”). This general meaning is the one that is most appropriate among the answer options.

Example Question #133 : Using Prefixes, Suffixes, And Roots To Identify Synonyms

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

GENRE

Possible Answers:

Symphony

Preference

Selection

Class

Music

Correct answer:

Class

Explanation:

The word “genre” is related to the Latin “genus,” a term that we still use in logic to mean “general kind.” For instance, when someone says “man is a rational animal,” the general class “animal” is the genus into which “man” is placed (so to speak). When we speak of “genres of music,” what we really mean are “classes” or “general types” of music. For instance, one might say, “The most popular genres of music are baroque organ and renaissance polyphony, not rock and ska.”

Example Question #134 : Using Prefixes, Suffixes, And Roots To Identify Synonyms

Select the answer choice that is closest in meaning to the word in capital letters.

GUSTO

Possible Answers:

Forcefulness

Enthusiasm

Noisy

Devotion

Regularity

Correct answer:

Enthusiasm

Explanation:

The word “gusto” is perhaps a bit informal; however, it is regularly used in speech and even somewhat formal writing. Often, you will see it expressed in some form similar to, “Since he greatly loved his work, John performed it with gusto, always ready to take on a new task.” In such contexts, the word means “enthusiasm,” “readiness,” or even “enjoyment.”   It is related to the Latin for “taste,” which can be found in “gustatory” as well as “digest.” If someone “has a taste” for something, he or she likely has a great love for it and does it with much enthusiasm.

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