Human Anatomy and Physiology : Identifying Nerves and Blood Vessels

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Example Questions

Example Question #624 : Gross Anatomy

What cranial nerve carries visual information to the brain?

Possible Answers:

IV

II

I

III

Correct answer:

II

Explanation:

Cranial nerve (CN) II is also known as the optic nerve, which carries visual stimuli to the brain. CN I is the olfactory nerve and it allows for the detection of odors. CN III is the oculomotor nerve, which allows the eyeball to move. CN IV is the trochlear nerve, which helps rotate the eye inferiorly and laterally. 

Example Question #625 : Gross Anatomy

Which artery supplies blood to the head and neck?

Possible Answers:

Brachial

Internal jugular

Common carotid

Superior vena cava

Correct answer:

Common carotid

Explanation:

The common carotid is an artery that supplies blood to the head and neck. The internal jugular is the vein that drains blood from the head and neck. The brachial artery provides blood to the arm. The superior vena cava is a large vein that returns blood to the heart from the head and arms. 

Example Question #51 : Identifying Nerves And Blood Vessels

Which of the following blood vessels most directly drains the legs?

Possible Answers:

Great saphenous vein

Pulmonary trunk

Femoral artery

Inferior vena cava

Correct answer:

Great saphenous vein

Explanation:

The great saphenous vein is responsible for draining the blood from the legs. The femoral artery supplies blood to the legs. The inferior vena cava returns blood from the legs and abdomen to the heart. The pulmonary trunk bifurcates into the right and left pulmonary arteries, which bring oxygen-poor blood to the lungs, where it becomes oxygenated.

Example Question #627 : Gross Anatomy

What is a lumen?

Possible Answers:

The inside of the intestines only

The inside of the lung only

The interior of any hollow organ

The inside of a blood vessel only

Correct answer:

The interior of any hollow organ

Explanation:

The interior of any hollow organ is called its lumen. A lumen may be completely or partially filled with air or fluid. All of the answer choices are specific examples of lumens.

Example Question #52 : Identifying Nerves And Blood Vessels

Which cranial nerve is the trigeminal nerve?

Possible Answers:

XI

VI

I

V

Correct answer:

V

Explanation:

The trigeminal nerve is cranial nerve (CN) V, it has both sensory and motor functions including sensation of the face and scalp, and control of the muscles of mastication. CN XI is the accessory nerve, which has only motor functions, and innervates the muscles of the lateral and posterior neck. CN VI is the abducens nerve, which is a motor nerve that innervates the lateral rectus and controls eye movements. CN I is the olfactory nerve and involves the sense of olfaction.

Example Question #153 : Organs

Someone with an injury to the posterior cord of the brachial plexus would likely present with weakness to which of the following muscles?

Possible Answers:

Biceps brachii

Triceps brachii

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Lumbricals III and IV

Serratus anterior

Correct answer:

Triceps brachii

Explanation:

The triceps brachii is innervated by the radial nerve, which comes from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. Accordingly, damage to the posterior cord would disrupt function of the triceps brachii, among other muscles. Lumbricals III and IV, and the flexor carpi ulnaris are innervated by the ulnar nerve, which comes from the medial cord of the brachial plexus. The biceps brachii is innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve, which comes from the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. The serratus anterior is innervated by the long thoracic nerve, which is a pre-plexus nerve.

Example Question #53 : Identifying Nerves And Blood Vessels

Which of the following does not supply blood to the myocardium of the heart?

Possible Answers:

Left coronary artery

Coronary sinus

Right coronary artery

Left anterior descending artery

Circumflex artery

Correct answer:

Coronary sinus

Explanation:

All of the arteries listed, are coronary arteries, or branches of coronary arteries, which supply blood to the myocardium. The coronary sinus is a group of veins, so it drains blood from the myocardium, rather than supplying it.

Example Question #54 : Identifying Nerves And Blood Vessels

Which of the following structures does not pass through the jugular foramen?

Possible Answers:

Facial nerve (cranial nerve VII)

Glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX)

Inferior petrosal sinus

Vagus nerve (cranial nerve X)

Sigmoid sinus

Correct answer:

Facial nerve (cranial nerve VII)

Explanation:

Cranial nerves IX and X, as well as the inferior petrosal and sigmoid sinuses pass through the jugular foramen, while cranial nerve VII passes through the internal auditory meatus.

Example Question #55 : Identifying Nerves And Blood Vessels

Which of the following is not part of the cardiac conduction system?

Possible Answers:

Atrioventricular (AV) node

Bundle of His

Purkinje cells

Purkinje fibers

Sinoatrial (SA) node

Correct answer:

Purkinje cells

Explanation:

Purkinje cells are found in the cerebellum, and are not part of the cardiac conduction system. All other answer choices are part of the cardiac conduction system, which terminates in the Purkinje fibers.

Example Question #56 : Identifying Nerves And Blood Vessels

Which layer of the skin does not contain blood vessels?

Possible Answers:

Hypodermis 

Supradermis

Epidermis

Dermis

None of these

Correct answer:

Epidermis

Explanation:

The epidermis does not have direct blood supply; all nutrients that feed cells within the epidermis come from the dermis. The hypodermis lies beneath the dermis and consists of loose connective tissue such as fat. The hypodermic layer also contains blood vessels, lymph vessels, and sweat glands. 

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