Sesamoid bones are located in tendons or joint capsules. They reduce friction, increase the force the tendon can pull, and/or maintain the shape of tendons when they are taut. The largest sesamoid bone in the body is the patella. The pisiform is also a sesamoid bone, but is much smaller than the patella and is located in the wrist. The scaphoid and hamate are located in the wrist, but are not sesamoid.

The tibial tuberosity can be felt just inferior to the knee on the anterior side of the leg. The olecranon is also known as the elbow, and is part of the ulna. The lateral condyle is the insertion point for the biceps femoris, and cannot be palpated through the skin. The soleal line is on the posterior surface of the tibia, and is thus not palpable through the skin.

The bone that forms the shin is the tibia. This is palpable along the anterior surface of the lower limb. The fibula is also located in the lower leg, but is not part of the prominent ridge felt on the front of the leg, as it is deep. The femur is the bone found in the thigh. The mandible is the jaw bone.

Sesamoid bones form inside tendons and/or muscles. They help ease the movement of a tendon past the bone, prevent deformation when the tendon is taut, and can also increase the force the tendon can pull by acting like a pulley. Examples of sesamoid bones are the patella in the knee and the sesamoid bones of the foot.

Long bones have a body that is longer than it is wide (such as the femur, humerus, and phalanges). It consist of a tubular shaft (diaphysis) with growth plates (epiphyses) at either end. The shaft is composed of a hard outer surface of compact bone with a spongy interior (cancellous bone) that contains bone marrow. 

Long bones have a body that is longer than it is wide (such as the femur, humerus, and phalanges), with growth plates (epiphysis) at either end. The have a hard outer surface of compact bone and a spongy interior known as cancellous bone (contains bone marrow). Both ends of the bone are covered in hyaline cartilage to help protect the bone and decrease friction.

The calcaneus is the heel bone and generally strikes the ground first in a normal walking gate. It is the most posterior bone in the foot. The achilles tendon attaches to it posteriorly.

The popliteal fossa is part of the femur. The lateral supracondylar line is also part of the femur. The soleal line is part of the tibia. The the subclavian groove is part of the clavicle and is an attachment site for the subclavius muscle.

The third cuneiform articulates with the navicular, second cuneiform, cuboid, and second, third, and fourth metatarsals.

The linea aspera, gluteal tuberosity, and adductor tubercle are all landmarks found on the femur. The linea aspera is an attachment site for the adductor muscle group and the vastus medialis and vastus lateralis. A portion of the gluteus maximus attaches to the gluteal tuberosity. The adductor magnus attaches to the adductor tubercle. The soleal line is part of the tibia and serves as an attachment site for the soleus muscle.