Human Anatomy and Physiology : Help with Hormone Origins and Targets

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Example Questions

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Example Question #11 : Endocrine And Reproductive Physiology

Steroid hormones are synthesized from which molecule? 

Possible Answers:

Cyclooxygenase

Tyrosine 

Deoxyribose 

Cholesterol 

Cortisol 

Correct answer:

Cholesterol 

Explanation:

Steroid hormones are synthesized from cholesterol. The amine hormones are synthesized from the amino acid tyrosine. Cortisol is an example of a steroid hormone, and is not a precursor for the synthesis of other steroid hormones.

Example Question #12 : Systems Physiology

Match the following adrenal layer to the correct secretory product.

Possible Answers:

Medulla; aldosterone

Zona reticularis; catecholamines

Zona fasciculata; aldosterone

Medulla; androgens

Zona glomerulosa; aldosterone

Correct answer:

Zona glomerulosa; aldosterone

Explanation:

The following are appropriate matches of adrenal layers to their corresponding secretory products: zona glomerulosa; aldosterone, zona fasciculata; cortisol and minor amount of androgens, zona reticularis; androgens, medulla; catecholamines. The layers of the adrenal glands, from superficial to deep are: capsule, zona glomerulosa, zona fasciculata, zona reticularis, medulla.  

Example Question #13 : Systems Physiology

Which of the following is not a response due to increased levels of parathyroid hormone?

Possible Answers:

Decreased levels of calcium in the blood

Increased osteoclast activity

Increased production of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3

Increased absorption of calcium in the renal tubule

Increased calcium absorption in the intestines

Correct answer:

Decreased levels of calcium in the blood

Explanation:

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is released when blood calcium levels are low, and functions to raise blood calcium levels via a negative feedback mechanism. It does this by increasing osteoclast activity and degrading bone to release calcium into the blood. It also increases absorption of calcium in the renal tubule, increases production of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and increases absorption of calcium in the intestines.

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