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High School Math : Using Expressions with Complex Numbers

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Example Question #1 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Simplify $\frac{4}{3+2i}$

Possible Answers:

$\frac{4}{3}+2i$

$\frac{12+8i}{5}$

$\frac{12-3i}{5i}$

$\frac{12-8i}{5}$

$\frac{12-8i}{13}$

Correct answer:

$\frac{12-8i}{13}$

Explanation:

Multiplying top and bottom by the complex conjugate (3-2i) eliminates i from the denominator

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Example Question #1 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Multiply, then simplify.

(3+3i)(4-2i)

Possible Answers:

18+6i

6+6i

12+6i-6i^2

Correct answer:

18+6i

Explanation:

Use FOIL to multiply. We can treat $\small i$ as a variable for now, just as if it were an $\small x$ .

(3+3i)(4-2i)=12-6i+12i-6i^2

Combine like terms.

12+6i-6i^2

Now we can substitute for $\small i^2$ .

i^2=-1

12+6i-6(-1)

Simplify.

12+6i+6=18+6i

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Example Question #3 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Which of the following is equivalent to $\frac{3+i}{3-4i}$ , where $i=\sqrt{-1}$ ?

Possible Answers:

$\frac{3+i}{3+4i}$

$\frac{1}{5}-\frac{3}{5}i$

5-15i

$\frac{3-i}{3-4i}$

$\frac{1}{5}+\frac{3}{5}i$

Correct answer:

$\frac{1}{5}+\frac{3}{5}i$

Explanation:

We will need to simplify the rational expression by removing imaginary terms from the denominator. Often in such problems, we want to multiply the numerator and denominator by the conjugate of the denominator, which will usually eliminate the imaginary term from the denominator.

In this problem, the denominator is 3-4i . Remember that, in general, the conjugate of the complex number a+bi is equal to a-bi , where a and b are both nonzero constants. Thus, the conjugate of 3-4i is equal to 3+4i .

We need to multiply both the numerator and denominator of the fraction $\frac{3+i}{3-4i}$ by 3+4i .

$\frac{3+i}{3-4i}=\frac{3+i}{3-4i}\cdot\frac{3+4i}{3+4i}=\frac{(3+i)(3+4i)}{(3-4i)(3+4i)}$

Next, we use the FOIL method to simplify both the numerator and denominator. The FOIL method of binomial multiplication requires us to mutiply together the first, outside, inner, and last terms of each binomial and then sum them.

$\frac{(3+i)(3+4i)}{(3-4i)(3+4i)}=\frac{3(3)+3(4i)+i(3)+i(4i)}{3(3)+3(4i)-4i(3)+(-4i)(4i)}$

Now, we can start simplifying.

$\frac{3(3)+3(4i)+i(3)+i(4i)}{3(3)+3(4i)-4i(3)+(-4i)(4i)}=\frac{9+12i+3i+4i^2}{9+12i-12i-16i^2}$

Use the fact that $i^2=(\sqrt{-1})^2=-1$ .

$\frac{9+12i+3i+4i^2}{9+12i-12i-16i^2}=\frac{9+12i+3i+4(-1)}{9+12i-12i-16(-1)}$

$=\frac{9+15i-4}{9+16}=\frac{5+15i}{25}=\frac{5}{25}+\frac{15i}{25}$

$=\frac{1}{5}+\frac{3}{5}i$

The answer is $\frac{1}{5}+\frac{3}{5}i$ .

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Example Question #4 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Simplify the following complex number expression:

$(\sqrt{-8})(\sqrt{-6})$

Possible Answers:

$-3\sqrt{2}$

$4\sqrt{3}$

$-4\sqrt{3}$

$4\sqrt{2}$

$-4\sqrt{2}$

Correct answer:

$-4\sqrt{3}$

Explanation:

Begin by factoring the radical expression using imaginary numbers:

$(\sqrt{-8})(\sqrt{-6})$

$(2i\sqrt{2})(i\sqrt{6})$

Now, multiply the factors:

$(2i\sqrt{2})(i\sqrt{6}) = 2i^2\sqrt{12}$

Simplify. Remember that i^2 is equivalent to

$4i^2\sqrt{3}$

$-4\sqrt{3}$

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Example Question #5 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Simplify the following complex number expression:

(3i^3)(-4i)^2

Possible Answers:

40i

48i

36i

24i

30i

Correct answer:

48i

Explanation:

Begin by completing the square:

(3i^3)(-4i)^2

(3i^3)(16i^2)

Now, multiply the factors. Remember that i^5 is equivalent to

(3i^3)(16i^2)=48i^5

48i

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Example Question #6 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Simplify the following complex number expression:

$\frac{3+3i}{1-2i}$

Possible Answers:

$\frac{3-9i}{4}$

$\frac{-3+9i}{5}$

$\frac{3-9i}{5}$

$\frac{-3+9i}{4}$

Correct answer:

$\frac{-3+9i}{5}$

Explanation:

Begin by multiplying the numerator and denominator by the complement of the denominator:

$\frac{3+3i}{1-2i}$ $\cdot \frac{1+2i}{1+2i}$

$\frac{3+6i+3i+6i^2}{1-4i^2}$

Combine like terms:

$\frac{3+9i+6i^2}{1-4i^2}$

Simplify. Remember that i^2 is equivalent to

$\frac{3+9i-6}{1+4}$

$\frac{-3+9i}{5}$

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Example Question #7 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Simplify the following complex number expression:

$(\sqrt{-8})(\sqrt{-12})$

Possible Answers:

$-6\sqrt{6}$

$-4\sqrt{6}$

$-6\sqrt{3}$

$-2\sqrt{6}$

$-4\sqrt{3}$

Correct answer:

$-4\sqrt{6}$

Explanation:

Begin by factoring the radical expression using imaginary numbers:

$(\sqrt{-8})(\sqrt{-12})$

$(2i\sqrt{2})(2i\sqrt{3})$

Now, multiply the factors:

$4i^2\sqrt{6}$

Simplify. Remember that i^2 is equivalent to

$-4\sqrt{6}$

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Example Question #8 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Solve the following complex number equation:

$2n^2=\frac{-27}{8}$

Possible Answers:

$n=\frac{3i\sqrt{3}}{4}$

$n=\frac{-3i\sqrt{3}}{4}$

$n=\frac{3i\sqrt{3}}{4}, \frac{-3i\sqrt{3}}{4}$

$n=\frac{3i\sqrt{3}}{2}, \frac{-3i\sqrt{3}}{2}$

$n=\frac{3i\sqrt{3}}{2}$

Correct answer:

$n=\frac{3i\sqrt{3}}{4}, \frac{-3i\sqrt{3}}{4}$

Explanation:

Begin by simplifying the equation. Divide both sides by and take the square root.

$2n^2=\frac{-27}{8}$

$n^2=\frac{-27}{16}$

$n=\frac{\sqrt{-27}}{\sqrt{16}}$

$n=\frac{3i\sqrt{3}}{4}, \frac{-3i\sqrt{3}}{4}$

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Example Question #1 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Solve the following complex number equation:

4x^2+75=0

Possible Answers:

$x=\frac{5i\sqrt{3}}{3}, -\frac{5i\sqrt{3}}{3}$

$x= -\frac{5i\sqrt{3}}{2}$

$x=\frac{5i\sqrt{3}}{3}$

$x=\frac{5i\sqrt{3}}{2}, -\frac{5i\sqrt{3}}{2}$

$x=\frac{5i\sqrt{3}}{2}$

Correct answer:

$x=\frac{5i\sqrt{3}}{2}, -\frac{5i\sqrt{3}}{2}$

Explanation:

Begin by simplifying the equation. Divide both sides by and take the square root.

4x^2+75=0

4x^2=-75

$x^2=\frac{-75}{4}$

$x=\frac{\sqrt{-75}}{\sqrt{4}}$

$x=\frac{5i\sqrt{3}}{2}, -\frac{5i\sqrt{3}}{2}$

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Example Question #10 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Solvethe following complex number expression for :

2n^2+18=0

Possible Answers:

n=3i, -3i

n=6i, -6i

n=4i, -4i

n=2i, -2i

n=5i, -5i

Correct answer:

n=3i, -3i

Explanation:

Solve the equation using complex numbers:

2n^2+18=0

2n^2=-18

n^2=-9

$n=\sqrt{-9}$

n=3i, -3i

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High School Math : Using Expressions with Complex Numbers

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for High School Math

All High School Math Resources

Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Example Question #1 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Example Question #3 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Example Question #4 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Example Question #5 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

Example Question #6 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

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Example Question #1 : Using Expressions With Complex Numbers

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