GRE Math : Arithmetic

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GRE Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #4 : How To Find The Ratio Of A Fraction

A pie is made up of   crust,  apples, and  sugar, and the rest is jelly. What is the ratio of crust to jelly?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

A pie is made up of   crust,  apples,  sugar, and the rest is jelly. What is the ratio of crust to jelly?

To compute this ratio, you must first ascertain how much of the pie is jelly. This is:

Begin by using the common denominator :

So, the ratio of crust to jelly is:

This can be written as the fraction:

, or 

Example Question #2 : How To Find The Ratio Of A Fraction

In a solution,  of the fluid is water,  is wine, and  is lemon juice. What is the ratio of lemon juice to water?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

This problem is really an easy fraction division. You should first divide the lemon juice amount by the water amount:

Remember, to divide fractions, you multiply by the reciprocal:

This is the same as saying: 

Example Question #81 : Fractions

If  and , what is the ratio of  to ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To find a ratio like this, you simply need to make the fraction that represents the division of the two values by each other. Therefore, we have:

Recall that division of fractions requires you to multiply by the reciprocal:

which is the same as:

This is the same as the ratio:

Example Question #1131 : Gre Quantitative Reasoning

In a certain school, for every three-eighths of a senior, there is one-half of a freshman. For every two freshmen, there are three-fourths of a junior. Which of the following could represent the ratio of juniors to seniors?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Begin by manipulating the ratios into whole numbers. Let's begin with the ratio of seniors to freshmen. For every three-eights of a senior, there is one-half of a freshman:

In order to get rid of the denominators, multiply both sides by 8. Then our ratio becomes

or

.

For every three seniors, there are four freshmen. Now let's do freshman to junior:

Multiply both sides by four to get rid of the denominator. Our ratio now becomes

.

For every 8 freshmen, there are 3 juniors. To find our final ratio, let's combine our previous two ratios by finding a common term (in this case freshmen). Because the ratio of seniors to freshmen is 3:4 and the ratio of juniors to freshmen is juniors is 8:3, multiply both sides of the first ratio to make the freshmen terms match.

Our new ratios now look like this:

6 seniors: 8 freshmen

8 freshmen: 3 juniors

Combine the two ratios using the common term:

6 seniors: 8 freshmen: 3 juniors

Take out the middle term:

6 seniors: 3 juniors

Therefore the ratio of seniors to juniors is  making the ratio of juniors to seniors .

 

Example Question #1 : How To Express A Fraction As A Ratio

There are  philosophy books and  history books on a shelf.  The number of philosophy books is doubled.  What is the ratio of philosophy books to history books after this?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

First, compute the new number of philosophy books.  This will be .  

The ratio of philosophy books to history books is thus:

This can be reduced by dividing the numerator and the denominator by :

Therefore, the ratio is .

Example Question #2 : How To Express A Fraction As A Ratio

A used car lot has  total vehicles to be sold.  of the vehicles are 4-wheel drive and the rest are 2-wheel drive.  What is the ratio of 2-wheel drive to 4-wheel drive vehicles on the lot?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

27 of the 72 cars are 4-wheel drive, we can write this as a proportion.

The proportion of the 4-wheel drive cars to the total number of vehicles. 

  

 

Therefore, to find the proportion of 2-wheel drive cars is,

 Therefore the ratio of 2-wheel drive:4-wheel drive vehicles is 5:3.

Example Question #1 : How To Express A Fraction As A Ratio

When television remotes are shipped from a certain factory, 1 out of every 200 is defective. What is the ratio of defective to nondefective remotes?

Possible Answers:

1:200

199:1

1:199

200:1

Correct answer:

1:199

Explanation:

One remote is defective for every 199 non-defective remotes.

Example Question #1 : How To Express A Fraction As A Ratio

On a desk, there are  papers for every  paper clips and  papers for every  greeting card. What is the ratio of paper clips to total items on the desk?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Begin by making your life easier: presume that there are  papers on the desk. Immediately, we know that there are  paper clips. Now, if there are  papers, you know that there also must be  greeting cards. Technically you figure this out by using the ratio:

By cross-multiplying you get:

Solving for , you clearly get .

(Many students will likely see this fact without doing the algebra, however. The numbers are rather simple.)

Now, this means that our desk has on it:

 papers

 paper clips

 greeting cards

Therefore, you have  total items.  Based on this, your ratio of paper clips to total items is:

, which is the same as .

Example Question #62 : Proportion / Ratio / Rate

In a classroom of  students, each student takes a language class (and only one—nobody studies two languages).  take Latin,  take Greek,  take Anglo-Saxon, and the rest take Old Norse. What is the ratio of students taking Old Norse to students taking Greek?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To begin, you need to calculate how many students are taking Old Norse. This is:

Now, the ratio of students taking Old Norse to students taking Greek is the same thing as the fraction of students taking Old Norse to students taking Greek, or:

Next, just reduce this fraction to its lowest terms by dividing the numerator and denominator by their common factor of :

This is the same as .

Example Question #63 : Proportion / Ratio / Rate

In a garden, there are  pansies,  lilies,  roses, and  petunias. What is the ratio of petunias to the total number of flowers in the garden?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To begin, you need to do a simple addition to find the total number of flowers in the garden:

Now, the ratio of petunias to the total number of flowers in the garden can be represented by a simple division of the number of petunias by . This is:

Next, reduce the fraction by dividing out the common  from the numerator and the denominator:

This is the same as .

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