GMAT Math : Data Interpretation
Study concepts, example questions & explanations for GMAT Math
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Example Questions
Example Question #3 : Understanding Diagrams
The table below gives the population of the city of Renfrow for each of six census years.
Which decade saw a population decline?
The only census year in which Renfrow had fewer people than the previous one is 1970, so the correct choice is 1960-70.
Example Question #205 : Word Problems
The table below gives the population of the city of Renfrow for each of six census years.
Which decade saw the greatest increase in population?
For each decade, we can subtract the population at the beginning of the decade from that at the end. We omit 1960-70 since there was a population decline.
1950-60 saw the greatest increase.
Example Question #2 : Understanding Diagrams
The table below gives the population of the city of Renfrow for each of six census years.
The figures for subsequent years are not currently available but it is known that the increase over each decade since 1980 has been at least as great as the increase from 1970 to 1980. What was the minimum population in 2010?
The increase in population from 1970 to 1980 was 
Example Question #2 : Understanding Diagrams
The above is the menu at Monorail Sandwich Shop.
Monorail is running a special today - for each sandwich you buy, you can purchase one large soda for ninety cents or get one small soda for free.
Kevin purchases three beef sandwiches, two large sodas, and two small sodas. Disregarding tax, how much will he pay?
Kevin will pay $5.89 each for the three beef sandwiches. He will pay $0.90 for each of the two large sodas and get one of the small sodas for free; he will pay the full price of $1.09 for one small soda. Therefore, Kevin will pay
Example Question #3 : Understanding Diagrams
Five candidates ran for the office of student body president at Garfield High School. According to the rules, the student who gets the most votes wins the office, with ties resulting in a runoff. However, Garfield has an unusual rule that states that seniors' votes count double.
This table shows how freshmen, sophomores, and juniors voted:
This table shows how seniors voted:
Who won the election?
Jones
Smith
Trask
Crane
Crane and Jones will face each other in a runoff.
Jones
For each candidate, add the number of freshman, sophomore, and junior votes to twice the number of senior votes:
Jones won the election.
Example Question #1 : Diagrams
Five candidates ran for the office of student body president at Buchanan High School. According to the rules, the student who gets a majority of the votes wins the office; if no student wins a majority, then there will be a runoff between the top two vote-getters. However, Buchanan has an unusual rule that states that seniors' votes count double.
This table shows how freshmen, sophomores, and juniors voted:
This table shows how seniors voted:
Who won the election?
Trask won outright.
Crane and Jones will face each other in a runoff.
Crane and Trask will face each other in a runoff.
Jones and Trask will face each other in a runoff.
Jones won outright.
Jones and Trask will face each other in a runoff.
For each candidate, add the number of freshman, sophomore, and junior votes to twice the number of senior votes:
Jones got the most votes. However, he clearly did not win a majority, so he and the second-highest vote-getter, Trask, will face each other in a runoff.
Example Question #2 : Diagrams
Light blue: Goodman
Orange: Ferris
Gray: Inman
Yellow: Jones
Dark blue: Harris
Refer to the diagram. If 3,145 people voted in the school board election, (the results of which are represented in the diagram), then approximately how many people voted for Inman?
According to the legend, the gray sector represents the portion of the electorate who voted for Inman. This sector is about one-fifth of the circle, so, to find the best estimate of Inman's share of the vote, take one-fifth of 3,145 - or, equivalently, divide 3,145 by 5:
630 is the best estimate of the choices given.
Example Question #215 : Problem Solving Questions
The above is the menu at Monorail Sandwich Shop.
Today, Monorail is running a special - buy any two sandwiches and get an additonal sandwich of equal or lesser value for free, with a limit of two free sandwiches per customer per day.
A father wants to buy some sandwiches for his family. He orders two beef sandwiches, three chicken sandwiches, and four veggie sandwiches. Disregarding sales tax, what is the least possible amount he will pay for them?
In descending order of cost, he is ordering sandwiches that cost the following:
Note that the father will get one chicken sandwich free with the two beef sandwiches, and that he will get one veggie sandwich free with the other two chicken sandwiches. Therefore, he will pay for the other seven sandwiches:
Example Question #11 : Understanding Diagrams
Define the universal set 
Define 
The integers that go into the gray region are those that do not fall into any of the three sets 
Out of the 50 integers from 1 to 50, we can eliminate the 20 that are in 
Now we can eliminate nine integers from 
We now eliminate the primes from 
a set with 12 elements.
Example Question #12 : Understanding Diagrams
The above is the menu at Monorail Sandwich Shop.
Today, Monorail is running a special - buy three sandwiches and get a large soda free. A boss treats her employees to lunch; she orders three beef sandwiches, two turkey sandwiches, two ham sandwiches, and seven large sodas. There is no sales tax. If the boss hands the clerk a $100 bill, how much change will she get back?
The boss orders seven sandwiches, so two of the sodas will be free. Therefore, she will pay for three beef sandwiches, two turkey sandwiches, two ham sandwiches, and five large sodas. Their total price:
The change from a $100 bill is
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