GMAT Math : GMAT Quantitative Reasoning
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Example Questions
Example Question #2 : Discount
Data sufficiency question
During a semi-annual sale, the price of a shirt is discounted. Calculate the percent discount.
1. The sale price is $23.
2. The sale price is $6 less than the original price.
Both statements taken together are sufficient to answer the question, but neither statement alone is sufficient
Each statement alone is sufficient
Statement 2 alone is sufficient, but statement 1 alone is not sufficient to answer the question
Statement 1 alone is sufficient, but statement 2 alone is not sufficient to answer the question
Statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient, and additional data is needed to answer the question
Both statements taken together are sufficient to answer the question, but neither statement alone is sufficient
In order to calculate the percent discount, both the original price and the sale price must be known. From statement 1, we know the sale price and with the additional information from statement 2, we can calculate the original price and then overall percent discount.
Example Question #3 : Discount
A store owner applies a certain percentage of discount on items bought by customers who have a rewards card. What is the percentage of discount applied?
(1) A customer without a reward card pays 1.5 times what a customer with a reward card pays on the same articles.
(2) A customer with a reward card pays two thirds of any listed price.
Both statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement (2) ALONE is not sufficient.
Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are not sufficient.
Each Statement ALONE is sufficient.
Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement (1) ALONE is not sufficient.
Each Statement ALONE is sufficient.
(1) A customer without a reward card pays 1.5 times what a customer with a reward card pays on the same articles.
Let x be the price a customer with a reward card pays, a customer without a reward card pays 1.5x, 1.5x being the original selling price. We can calculate the percentage of discount as:
Statement (1) is sufficient.
(2) A customer with a reward card pays two thirds of any listed price.
Let y be the listed price of a given article. A customer with reward card pays 
The percentage of discount is:
Statement (2) is sufficient.
Each Statement ALONE is sufficient.
Example Question #4 : Dsq: Calculating Discounts
What is the amount of tuition for a MBA degree at University X?
(1) Students with a GMAT score above 700 receive a 50% discount on the tuition.
(2) The average tuition paid by 5 students is $50,000, if only 2 of these students received a 50% discount.
Both statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement (2) ALONE is not sufficient.
Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement (1) ALONE is not sufficient.
Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are not sufficient.
Each Statement ALONE is sufficient.
Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement (1) ALONE is not sufficient.
(1) Students with a GMAT score above 700 receive a 50% discount on the tuition.
Statement (1) is not sufficient as we do not know how much half of the tuition is.
(2) The average tuition paid by 5 students is $50,000, if only 2 of these students received a 50% discount. Let x be the full amount of tuition for the MBA program.
Statement(2) Alone is sufficient.
Example Question #4 : Dsq: Calculating Discounts
How many dollars does Jane save when using a coupon to buy a purse at a local store?
(1) The original price of the purse is $400.
(2) When using the coupon, Jane saves 25%.
Both statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
Statement (1) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement (2) ALONE is not sufficient.
Statement (2) ALONE is sufficient, but Statement (1) ALONE is not sufficient.
Statements (1) and (2) TOGETHER are not sufficient.
Each Statement ALONE is sufficient.
Both statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
Note that the question does not ask for the percentage of discount but the amount of money saved.
(1) The original price of the purse is $400.
Statement (1) alone is not sufficient because it only gives the selling price prior to using the coupon.
(2) When using the coupon, Jane saves 25%.
Statement (2) alone is not sufficient. Even though we know the percentage of discount, we do not have the original price.
However, combining both statements, we get the amount of money saved as:
Jane saved $100 by using the coupon.
Both statements TOGETHER are sufficient, but NEITHER statement ALONE is sufficient.
Example Question #6 : Dsq: Calculating Discounts
A lawn-mower is initially offerred at 
If the initial price is 
Example Question #3 : Discount
A lawn-mower is discounted 
If the initial price is P, and it is discounted twice at rates 
Substituting values this is
or
Example Question #8 : Dsq: Calculating Discounts
A lawn-mower is initially listed at 
What is the unknown initial discount,
The relationship between the list price, 
Inserting values and re-organizing:
Example Question #9 : Dsq: Calculating Discounts
A lawn-mower is initially listed at 
If the initial price is 
Example Question #10 : Dsq: Calculating Discounts
A lawn-mower is initially listed at 
In terms of 
The relationship between the list price, 
The factor of 
Example Question #11 : Dsq: Calculating Discounts
A lawn-mower is initially listed at a full price of 
In terms of 
The relationship between the original list price and the price charged after two discounts is obtained by applying the formula for a discount serially:
The factors of 
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