The standard sub-atomic particles are protons, neutrons, and electrons. Protons and neutrons are found in the nucleus, while electrons move freely around the nucleus. This question is specifically asking about the number of protons and neutrons in an atom of carbon.

Each proton and each neutron has a mass of approximately . Since the atomic mass of a carbon atom is , we can conclude that there are twelve sub-atomic particles in the nucleus (twelve total protons and neutrons).

The atomic number refers to the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom. Since the atomic number of carbon is six, there are six protons in the nucleus. For this question, however, we need the total of both the protons and neutrons (not just the protons).

Convert liters to mL:

This is the TOTAL volume of the solution. Next, determine how much NaCl to add.

Therefore,  of stock NaCl must be added. Subtract this volume from to determine the amount of water used in the final solution.

Concentration can be measured in a variety of ways. To find the percent mass per unit volume, we must divide the mass of solute by the volume of solvent and multiply by 100%.

We know our mass is 6g and our volume is 250mL. Use these values in the equation to find the concentration.

Bacteria are prokaryotic organisms and are considered alive. Bacteria can survive and reproduce independent of a host (consider a colony of bacteria cells growing in a Petri dish). Though they do not have membrane-bound organelles, like a nucleus or mitochondria, bacterial cells do have DNA and are still able to produce cellular energy.

This question confuses many properties of viruses with those of bacteria. Viruses are not generally considered alive and require a host cell in order to replicate.

The plant is only able to use absorbed light during photosynthesis; reflected light cannot be used as energy, as it is simply returned back into the surroundings. Red light will make a plant grow the fastest because it is absorbed. Since green light is reflected, growing a plant in green light will result in very slow growth. The light will effectively bounce off the plant, rather than being absorbed.

Fungal cell walls can be differentiated from plant and bacterial cell walls in that they are made of the polysaccharide chitin. Plant cell walls use cellulose, and bacteria use peptidoglycan. Amylose is a component of starch.

Viruses are considered non-living organisms for a variety of reasons. One of the main reasons is that viruses are incapable of creating their own proteins and must hijack host cell ribosomes in order to make them.

Virus structures contain both proteins and nucleic acids, but are unable to replicate their genetic material unless they infect a host cell.

Mitosis is composed of four primary phases: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

During prophase the chromosomes condense, the nuclear membrane dissolves, and spindle fibers begin to form. Metaphase marks the time when the chromosomes align at the center of the cell and the spindle fibers attach to the centers of the chromosomes. During anaphase, the spindle fibers contract, separating the sister chromatids and pulling them toward opposite poles of the cell. Telophase marks the beginning of cytokinesis, when the cell fully divides, and the nuclear membrane reappears.

The correct answer is anaphase.

Mitosis is the process of cell replication and division for most eukaryotic cells (with the exception of gametes, which undergo meiosis). Mitosis has four main stages: prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Interphase is the portion of the cell cycle during which cell growth and DNA replication take place; it is not considered a stage of mitosis.

During prophase, the chromosomes form and the nuclear membrane dissolves. During metaphase, the chromosomes migrate to the center of the cell and align. During anaphase, spindle fibers pull the chromatids apart, separating sister chromatids to separate sides of the cell. During telophase, the nuclear membrane re-forms around the chromatids and the cytoplasm beings to divide to create two new daughter cells.

Somatic cells spend the majority of their functional lives in interphase. In preparation for division, interphase can be divided into the G1, S and G2 phases. An interphase cell can also be in G0 phase, in this phase the cell is not preparing for mitosis but is performing all other normal cell functions.