The above described transformation is a dilation. Notice that one point, (a,b), stays the same before and after the transformation. The point (c,b) retains the same y value of b, but c is dilated into 2c, extending the base of the rectangle. The point (a,d) is similar in that the x value of a stays the same, but the y value of d is extended or dilated to 2d. The final point (c,d) is extended in both length and width to become (2c,2d). The below graph shows the original figure in blue and the dilated larger figure in pink. 

The correct answer is (-a,-b), (-c,-d), and (-e,-f). In other words, you'd just take the opposite value of each x and y value of each vertex of the triangle. The following diagram shows one set of vertexes rotated 180^o about the origin to help demonstrate this. 

Please note that if one of our original points had any negative values, such as the point (2,-2), and we rotated it 180o about the origin, the signs of both the x and y values would change, and this point's image after translation would be (-2,2). 

To find the reflected image of the trapezoid, first identify how it is being reflected. This particular problem states that it is being reflected over the -axis. Recall that the -axis is the horizontal axis on the coordinate grid and is equivalent to the line .

Plot the points of the original trapezoid on the coordinate grid.

From here, to reflect the image across the -axis take the negative of all the  values.

This change results in the following,

Therefore, the coordinates of the reflected trapezoid are

To find the reflected image of the trapezoid, first identify how it is being reflected. This particular problem states that it is being reflected over the -axis. Recall that the -axis is the vertical axis on the coordinate grid and is equivalent to the line .

Plot the points of the original trapezoid on the coordinate grid.

From here, to reflect the image across the -axis take the opposite of all the  values.

This change results in the following,

Therefore, the coordinates of the reflected trapezoid are

To find the reflected image of the trapezoid, first identify how it is being reflected. This particular problem states that it is being reflected over the  and -axis. This means the reflected image will be in the fourth quadrant.

Plot the points of the original trapezoid on the coordinate grid.

From here, to reflect the image across the line both axis take the opposite of all the coordinate values.

This change results in the following,

Therefore, the coordinates of the reflected trapezoid are

To find the reflected image of the triangle, first identify how it is being reflected. This particular problem states that it is being reflected over the -axis. Recall that the -axis is the horizontal axis on the coordinate grid and is equivalent to the line .

Plot the points of the original triangle on the coordinate grid.

From here, to reflect the image across the -axis take the negative of all the  values.

This change results in the following,

Therefore, the reflected triangle has coordinates at

To find the coordinates of the translated rectangle, first recall what a translation is. A translation is a shift of the original object without changing the shape of size of the object. In this particular case the starting coordinates of the rectangle are given and the goal is to move the rectangle down seven units. A shift down means a algebraic change in the  coordinate.

The original rectangle is

If each point on the rectangle is shifted down seven units it results in the following

Therefore, the coordinate points of the translated rectangle are

These coordinates can also be found algebraically by subtracting seven from each  value.

To find the coordinates of the translated rectangle, first recall what a translation is. A translation is a shift of the original object without changing the shape of size of the object. In this particular case the starting coordinates of the rectangle are given and the goal is to move the rectangle up two units and to the right 5 units. A shift up means a algebraic change in the  coordinate and a shift to the right means an algebraic change to the  coordinate.

The original rectangle is

If each point on the rectangle is shifted up two units and to the right five units results in the following

Therefore, the coordinate points of the translated rectangle are

To find the reflected image of the triangle, first identify how it is being reflected. This particular problem states that it is being reflected over the -axis. Recall that the -axis is the vertical axis on the coordinate grid and is equivalent to the line .

Plot the points of the original triangle on the coordinate grid.

From here, to reflect the image across the -axis take the negative of all the  values.

This change results in the following,

Therefore, the reflected triangle has coordinates at

To find the reflected image of the triangle, first identify how it is being reflected. This particular problem states that it is being reflected over the  and -axis. This means the reflected image will be in the fourth quadrant.

Plot the points of the original triangle on the coordinate grid.

From here, to reflect the image across the line both axis take the opposite of all the coordinate values.

This change results in the following,

Therefore, the coordinates of the reflected triangle are