Calculus 1 : Spatial Calculus

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Calculus 1

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Example Questions

Example Question #111 : Velocity

Find  

 

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Rewrite   as  

Use the chain rule and power rule to obtain  .

Remember that the chain rule is   and the power rule is,

.

Applying these rules we get,

.

This can be rewritten as

.

Example Question #111 : Spatial Calculus

A ball is thrown upwards at a speed of  from a  building. (Assuming gravity is ).

 After one second, in which direction is the ball travelling?

Possible Answers:

Up

The ball is not moving (at a minimum).

The ball is not moving (at a maximum).

Down

The ball is moving horiztonally, not vertically.

Correct answer:

Up

Explanation:

 The velocity function is , which is derived from the general formula for velocity, 

.

Where the acceleration due to gravity and initial velocity are given by .

Plugging in  we arrive at a velocity of .

So after one second the ball is travelling upward.

Example Question #111 : Spatial Calculus

A ball is thrown upwards at a speed of  from a  building. Assume gravity is .

What is the velocity of the ball after three seconds?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

We can integrate the constant acceleration of gravity by the general formula for integrating a constant, , where  and  are both constants.

This gives us a velocity function. Then plugging in our initial velocity, we arrive at an expression for the velocity of the ball over time:.

We then can plug in  to get the velocity of the ball at  seconds and arrive at our answer: 

.

Example Question #114 : Velocity

A given frisbee has a position defined by the equation . What is its velocity at time ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

By definition, velocity is the first derivative of position, or .

Given

 and the power rule 

 where , then

Plugging in , we get 

Example Question #115 : Velocity

A given horse has a position defined by the equation . What is its velocity at time ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

By definition, velocity is the first derivative of position, or .

Given 

 and the power rule 

 where , then

Plugging in , we get 

Example Question #112 : Spatial Calculus

A given boat has a position defined by the equation . What is its velocity at time ?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

By definition, velocity is the first derivative of position, or .

Given 

 and the power rule 

 where , then

Plugging in , we get 

Example Question #111 : Spatial Calculus

Given  and , find . Round to the nearest hundredth.  and  represent the acceleration and velocity functions, respectively.

Possible Answers:

Not enough information

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to solve for velocity at five seconds, we need to integrate  to get

Recall that,

. The power rule, , will be used to integrate the second term in the function.

Thus resulting in,

.

To find , we'll use our initial condition

.

Now we can find  by simply plugging in  and  into our 

.

In decimal form, this equals . No units were mentioned in the problem, so leaving the answer unitless is acceptable.

Example Question #113 : Spatial Calculus

Given the equation of the position of a ball at time  is , find the velocity of the ball when .

Possible Answers:

None of the above.

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The velocity of an object is defined as the change in position of that object over the change in time.  Since we are given the position equation in this problem, we simply take the derivative with respect to time of .  To take the derivative of this equation, we must use the power rule,  

.  

We also must remember that the derivative of an constant is 0.  After taking the derivative of the function by applying the power rule, the funciton becomes 

.  

The questions states we must find the velocity of the ball when , therefore we simply plug in 4 for t and find that the velocity of the ball at that time is .

Example Question #113 : Velocity

Boulder question

A boulder rolls off the side of a seaside cliff that is   above the water. The boulder is traveling at  directly to the right when it leaves the cliff. 

What is the vertical velocity of the boulder when it is  above the water? Assume that gravity is the only force acting on the boulder, causing a downward acceleration of  

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

The vertical acceleration is given by .

Initial vertical velocity is .

To integrate we do,

.

Integrating gives   given our initial vertical velocity.

Integrating again gives a vertical position of .

Since we know the boulder starts at a height of , we determine that .

Solving  gives 

Evaluate the vertical velocity function when 

 

Example Question #120 : Velocity

Let  represent the position of a swinging marble.

Find the marble's velocity when .

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

First, find the function representing velocity by differentiating the position function.

Recall the derivative of  is .

Applying this rule we get,

.

Then, evaluate  at  to get the answer.

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