Electroconvulsive therapy is the use of electric shock to produce convulsions and treat drug-resistant or particularly severe psychiatric disorders. It is frequently seen as a last resort.

Phototherapy is treatment with bright white fluorescent lights, generally used to treat seasonal disorders. Behavorial therapy is used to change maladaptive behaviors such as smoking or alcohol abuse. Cognitive therapy is used to remove negative thoughts that harm a person's emotional health. Psychotherapy is any means of treating psychiatric disorders by mental rather than pharmacological means. 

Any therapeutic treatment that does not address the underlying cause of a disorder can and will most often lead to symptom substitution. For instance, if one is feeling depressed due to strong feelings of abandonment rooted from their personal history, and they do not address this as being the cause, the depression will more often than not manifest in some other disorder. If the therapeutic diagnosis is something like "improve you lifestyle by eating right and exercising", this may improve a person's overall mood and help tremendously, but will not address the unresolved problems in this person's past. As a result, they may become absolutely fixated on living a healthy lifestyle to the point that it turns into a paranoid obsession. And thus arises another problem, and the symptoms of depression become symptoms of obsession.

This is one of the great merits of talk therapy, as it is designed for the patient to exmaine themselves and investigate the causes of their problems, which can hopefully lead to long-term mental health.

Electrconvulsive therapy is used to send electric current through the brain. It is most commonly used for depression when no other forms of treatment have worked. Unfortunately it comes with unpleasant side effects, such as memory loss, a brief seizure, a brief loss of consciousness, and nausea or vomiting. Electroconvulsive therapy is generally considered a last resort treatment.

The correct answer is: Aversion Therapy.

Aversion therapy pairs an undesired behavior with another stimulus that causes discomfort.

Preventative Medicine is concerned with preventing diseases before they occur.

The other answer choices are incorrect.

Humanism, or Client-Centered Therapy, works to help a patient live up to his/her full potential while becoming more aware of their feelings.

Psychiatrists are physicians, whose medical degrees allow them to specialize in diagnosing and treating mental disorders with a combination of biomedical treatment (medication) and psychotherapy. Psychotherapists do not have medical degrees, and instead have doctoral or master's degrees and licenses to practice therapy. They focus on therapeutic, rather than biomedical, interventions. Psychiatrists and psychotherapists often work together to provide the best possible treatment for a patient.

Dream analysis, free association, and projective tests are all used by psychodynamic therapists to reveal the unconscious conflicts that cause clients' behaviors. Systematic desensitization is a behavioral technique used by therapists to help clients cope with anxiety or phobias through counterconditioning.

Humanistic therapy focuses on boosting patient's self-fulfillment via growth in self-awareness and self-acceptance. Active listening is a technique that may be used in humanistic therapies, such as client-centered therapy, but is a tool used within that kind of therapy, not a discrete kind of therapy unto itself. The other options would be considered behavioral therapy. 

Using a blend of therapies is considered an approach in itself. While studying the various schools of psychology it is important to keep in mind that most practicing therapists are not actually ideologically focused in their approach, but rather choose to use a mix of therapies tailored to the needs of their specific clients. 

Antipsychotic drugs are popular and often effective at treating symptoms of schizophrenia such as delusions or hallucinations but not the behaviors associated with the disorder. Long-term behavioral therapy is often necessary to treat behaviors that come with the mental disorder.