AP Physics 1 : Ohm's Law

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Physics 1

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Example Questions

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Example Question #21 : Circuits

You connect a circuit with a resistor and a voltage source. The resistor has a resistance of  and the voltage source supplies . How many electrons will pass through this circuit in a  period?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To calculate the amount of electrons flowing through this circuit we need to first calculate the current. Use Ohm’s law:

Solve for current:

The question gives us the voltage and resistance; therefore, the current flowing through this circuit is

Recall that current is the amount of electrons flowing through a circuit per unit time.

Solving for the charge of electrons gives us

Recall that an electron contains ; therefore, the number of electrons in this circuit is

This means that  electrons are flowing through this circuit every five seconds.

Example Question #58 : Electricity

A circuit consists of a single voltage source and a single resistor. When  is fed through the circuit, a current of  is measured through the resistor. What is the measured current if a voltage of  is fed through the circuit?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Using ohm's law, the resistance is determined to be which is calculated to be . Ohm's law is used again to find the current at  with the same resistance.

Example Question #21 : Ohm's Law

For a given electrical circuit, if you double the current, the resistance __________?

Possible Answers:

quadruples

halves

doubles

remains the same

quarters

Correct answer:

halves

Explanation:

Recall Ohm's Law:

 where  is the voltage,  is the current, and  is the resistance.

Since the two quantities we are interested in are on the same side of the equation, they are inversely proportional. Hence, if one increases, the other one decreases by the same ratio. Since the current is doubling, the resistance must halve for the circuit to be the same.

Example Question #21 : Circuits

Consider the circuit diagram shown. In this circuit, the values of , and  are known, but the value of  is variable.

Physics voltmeter problem

Which of the following expressions would give a situation in which the voltmeter in the diagram would read zero?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

To answer this question, we'll need to find an expression for the value of the variable resistor that would make the voltmeter read zero.

First, it's important to realize what situation would result in a reading of zero from the voltmeter. For there to be no reading, that means that there cannot be any voltage difference between the top row of resistors and the bottom row. For this to happen, the voltage drop for the resistors on the left of the voltmeter must be equal, and the same is true for the two resistors to the right of the voltmeter. In other words, both rows of resistors will experience the same voltage decrease as current flows through, thus the difference of voltage drop in the top and bottom row will be identical.

So let's consider the top and bottom resistors on the left side first. In the top left corner, the voltage of the first resistor will be  from Ohm's law. Moreover, the voltage drop of the bottom left resistor will be . These two voltages will need to be equal to one another in order to have the voltmeter read zero.

Now let's take a look at the other resistors on the right. The voltage of the third resistor will be  and the voltage of the variable resistor will be . Just as before, these two resistors will also need to be equal in voltage.

Now that we have the two expressions shown above, we can isolate the term for the variable resistance in terms of the other three resistors to find our answer.

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