The Taliban first came to power in Afghanistan following the failed invasion of the Soviet Union during the 1980s. During the war the United States provided weapons and supplies to the Afghan resistance fighters known as the “Mujahideen.” These weapons have been used against the American army in recent American occupations of Afghanistan. The Soviet invasion of Afghanistan has had far reaching consequences including contributing to the breakup of Soviet Union, the rise of the Taliban, and the continued destabilization of the region.

All of these countries have either hostile relations currently or they have had hostile relations recently. Relations between North and South Korea, however, are particularly extreme. Despite having not been at war since the 1950s the countries are still technically in an “armistice” which loosely means temporary peace. The Demilitarized Zone is a sort of unnatural buffer zone forced into existence to try and prevent the outbreak of further hostilities. It lies between the territory of North and South Korea.

The Boer people were settlers who arrived in what is now called South Africa in the seventeenth century. Following the arrival of the British in the nineteenth century the Boers migrated north to avoid direct control by the British government; however shortly thereafter gold and diamonds were discovered in unprecedented quantities in the territory of the Boer Republic. This led to a brutal war of suppression being waged by the British army against the Boer Republic that ended with the Cape Colony and the Boer Republic being combined into the Union of South Africa -under British control.

The biggest clue here is the name “Franco-Prussian.” “Franco” means relating to France, of France and “Prussia” was the largest German state of the nineteenth century (before German unification in 1871). Both the Franco-Prussian War, fought in 1870-1, and World War I, fought between 1914-1918 were caused or partially caused by territorial animosity and disputes between France and Germany.

Both terms refer to an event in which there was a mass killing and both can be in relation to an ethnic conflict. However, the term "Ethnic Cleansing" is more specific than the term "Genocide".  An "Ethnic Cleansing" is when a people group commits mass expulsion or mass killing of a particular ethnic group whom they do not want to exist either in a particular region or in the world as a whole.  A "Genocide" can be an "Ethnic Cleansing" but it can also be a mass killing for reasons other than ethnicity. A "Genocide" can refer to a people group committing a mass killing of people within their same ethnicity which is not considered ethnic conflict but a different type of conflict such as religious conflict or perhaps economic conflict.  

Here is an explanation how each of the incorrect answers are incorrect: 

1.) There is no statistic that makes the difference between labeling a mass killing event as a "Genocide" or "Ethnic Cleansing". Both have a high death toll. 

2.) Ethnicity and Race are not interchangeable terms. Ethnicity is someone's ethnic background, i.e. where their ethnic heritage is from. We often group that with a nationality, although that is also a slightly different term.  Race, on the other hand, means the color of your skin. You may have the same color of skin as someone from a different ethnic background, or you can have a different color of skin as someone from the same ethnic background.  

3.) Both terms, "Ethnic Cleansing" and "Genocide" can be used to explain the Holocaust of WWII. It can be classified with the more general term of "Genocide" as it was a mass killing. Because about 6 million Jews were killed with the purpose of removing them from a particular region, if not the world as a whole, it can also be more specifically classified as an "Ethnic Cleansing."

Autocracies often face political strife due to being run according to the interests of the ruler rather than hearing and fulfilling the needs and desires of the people.  Whether the ruler inherits or is elected into their office, they rule in a way that does not cater to the needs of their people. 

Here is the explanation for why the incorrect answers are incorrect: 

1.) A King is not elected, they inherit the throne. 

2.) A government with a Parliament has a process of election in which the Parliament is elected to bring the people's needs and concerns to the governemnt and take them into account. 

3.) While a ruling class may have more influence in how a government runs a country, an autocracy does not necessarily favor the ruling class as a whole and sometimes even goes against the interests of that class.