AP Biology : Ecology

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for AP Biology

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Example Questions

Example Question #2 : Food Pyramids And Food Webs

What type(s) of food does an omnivore consume?

Possible Answers:

Animals only

Animals and decaying matter

Decaying matter

Plants only

Plants and animals

Correct answer:

Plants and animals

Explanation:

An omnivore eats both plants and animals. Humans are an example of omnivores.

Herbivores only eat plants. Carnivores only eat animals. Detritivores eat decaying matter.

Example Question #2 : Food Pyramids And Food Webs

A certain insect eats plants. If the plants are producers, what is the insect classified as?

Possible Answers:

Predator

Autotroph

Secondary consumer

Primary consumer

Tertiary consumer

Correct answer:

Primary consumer

Explanation:

Organisms that eat producers are known as primary consumers. Organisms that eat primary consumers are secondary consumers, and organisms that eat secondary consumers are tertiary consumers and so on. Autotrophs are able to fix their own carbon from the air, converting it into food e.g., glucose, and need not eat other organisms. Predators are animals that eat prey animals, thus they are a type of secondary (or higher) consumer.

Example Question #1 : Ecology

The increase in concentration of a pollutant as it moves through an ecosystem is known as __________

Possible Answers:

productivity 

resistance 

biomagnification

biodegradability 

Correct answer:

biomagnification

Explanation:

Biomagnification is described as the concentration of a pollutant increasing as it moves through the tropic levels of an ecosystem. For example, if a pollutant has a low concentration in a plant, that concentration will be much higher in the animal that eats that plant. This occurs because organisms do not have enzymes that can break down these chemicals. This process does not occur with minerals. 

Example Question #2411 : Ap Biology

A plant would be categorized in which trophic level? 

Possible Answers:

Primary consumer

Producer

Carnivore

Secondary consumer

Correct answer:

Producer

Explanation:

Plants make up the bottom trophic level: the producers. This is because plants produce energy through photosynthesis. They do not have to eat other organisms to obtain energy, they make their own using carbon dioxide, water and sunlight. 

Example Question #11 : Ecology

An animal that eats plants and seeds is a __________.                      

Possible Answers:

autotroph

producer 

carnivore 

herbivore 

Correct answer:

herbivore 

Explanation:

Herbivores are plant-eating organisms. They are classified in the primary consumer trophic level. An easy way to remember this is to break down the word. Herbs are types of plants, so when we see “herb” in herbivore think of plants. Carnivores eat other animals. Autotrophs and producers need not eat anything to get energy, rather, they make their own.

Example Question #2412 : Ap Biology

The latin name (binomial nomenclature) of organisms consists of which two classifications?

Possible Answers:

Genus and species

Class and order

Order and family

Phylum and species

Correct answer:

Genus and species

Explanation:

The latin name consists of the genus and species of the organism. These are the most specific of the taxonomic classifications. The taxonomic classifications are domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.

Example Question #13 : Identifying Levels

Which of the following classification of animal eats both plants and meat?

Possible Answers:

Detrivore

Herbivore

Carnivore

Omnivore

Correct answer:

Omnivore

Explanation:

Omnivores eat plants and meats. Carnivores eat meat only. Herbivores eat plants only. Detrivores eat dead organisms.

Example Question #12 : Ecology

Which of the following is the correct order for an ecosystem, from smallest to largest?

Possible Answers:

Ecosystem, individual, community, and population

Individual, population, community, and ecosystem

Community, individual, population, and ecosystem

Population, individual, community, and ecosystem

Correct answer:

Individual, population, community, and ecosystem

Explanation:

This question requires careful reading of the correct order of an ecosystem on earth. The correct order, from smallest to largest, for an ecosystem is “individual, population, community, ecosystem.” Individual organisms make up populations, which interact with other populations in communities, which in turn belong to ecosystems that have a particular environment, such as desert or rainforest.

Example Question #111 : Ecology

A certain grassland ecosystem consists of grasses that grow on the plains, mice that eat the grains the grasses produce, weasels that eat both the grass and the mice, and hawks that eat the weasels.

Which of these species will account for the smallest proportion of the biomass of this ecosystem?

Possible Answers:

The grass

The hawks

The bacteria in the soil

The mice

The weasels

Correct answer:

The hawks

Explanation:

Trophic energy levels show reduced biomass as you go up a food chain from producer, to consumer, to secondary consumer, and so on due to the loss of energy as heat. The hawks, as a secondary consumer, will have the smallest amount of proportional biomass compared to the other species.

Example Question #2412 : Ap Biology

Which of the given options represents the highest level of biological organization?

Possible Answers:

Biosphere

Earth

Ecosystem

Biome

Atmosphere

Correct answer:

Biosphere

Explanation:

Biological organization extends from the level of subatomic particles all the way up to the biosphere. Within the fields of molecular and cell biology, the atomic, molecular, and cellular levels of biology are most important. In the fields of physiology and anatomy, organs, organ systems, and organisms feature prominently.

Within ecology and population genetics, the higher levels of organization are most pertinent. Several organisms make up a population, which in turn makes up a community, and then an ecosystem. A group of ecosystems make up a biome, and the sum of all the biomes is a biosphere. 

Atmosphere and Earth are not considered levels of biological organization.

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