ACT Math : How to find the diameter of a sphere

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ACT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #4 : Spheres

If a sphere has a volume of \displaystyle 36\pi, what is its diameter?

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle 6

\displaystyle 9

\displaystyle 2\sqrt{3}

\displaystyle 3

\displaystyle \sqrt{3}

Correct answer:

\displaystyle 6

Explanation:

1. Use the volume to find the radius:

\displaystyle Volume=\frac{4}{3}\pi r^{3}

\displaystyle 36\pi = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^{3}

\displaystyle \frac{3}{4}(36\pi) = (\frac{4}{3}\pi r^{3})\frac{3}{4}

\displaystyle 27=r^{3}

\displaystyle r=3

 

2. Use the radius to find the diameter:

\displaystyle d=2r=2\cdot 3=6

 

 

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Diameter Of A Sphere

A sphere has a volume of \displaystyle 36\pi. What is its diameter?

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle 3

\displaystyle 144

\displaystyle 3\pi

\displaystyle 6

Cannot be determined from the information given

Correct answer:

\displaystyle 6

Explanation:

This question relies on knowledge of the formula for volume of a sphere, which is as follows:  

In this equation, we have two variables, \displaystyle V and \displaystyle r. Additionally, we know that \displaystyle V=36\pi and \displaystyle r is unknown. You can begin by rearranging the volume equation so it is solved for \displaystyle r, then plug in \displaystyle V and solve for \displaystyle r:

Rearranged form:

 \displaystyle r=\sqrt[3]{\frac{3}{4\pi}V}

Plug in \displaystyle 36\pi for V

\displaystyle r=\sqrt[3]{\frac{3}{4\pi}36\pi}

Simplify the part under the cubed root

1) Cancel the \displaystyle \pi's since they are in the numerator and denominator.

2) Simplify the fraction and the \displaystyle 36:

 \displaystyle 36*\frac{3}{4}=27

Thus we are left with 

\displaystyle r=\sqrt[3]{27}

Then, either use your calculator and enter \displaystyle 27^{\frac{1}{3}} Or recall that \displaystyle 3^{3}=27 in order to find that \displaystyle r=3.

We're almost there, but we need to go a step further. Dodge the trap answer "\displaystyle 3" and carry on. Read the question carefully to see that we need the diameter, not the radius.

\displaystyle d=2r

So

\displaystyle d=2*3=6

\displaystyle 6 is our final answer.

Example Question #2 : How To Find The Diameter Of A Sphere

A spherical plastic ball has a diameter of \displaystyle 4\:in. What is the volume of the ball to the nearest cubic inch?

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle 56\:in^3

\displaystyle 44\:in^3

\displaystyle 22\:in^3

\displaystyle 34\:in^3

\displaystyle 269\:in^3

Correct answer:

\displaystyle 34\:in^3

Explanation:

To answer this question, we must calculate the volume of the ball using the equation for the volume of a sphere. The equation for the volume of a sphere is four-thirds multiplied by pi, which is then multiplied by the radius cubed. The equation can be written like this:

\displaystyle V = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^{3}

We are given the diameter of the sphere in the problem, which is \displaystyle 4\:in. To get the radius from the diameter, we divide the diameter by \displaystyle 2. So, for this data:

\displaystyle radius=\frac{diameter}{2}=\frac{4}{2}=2

We can then plug our newly found radius of two into the equation to find the volume. For this data:

\displaystyle Volume = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^{3}=\frac{4}{3}\pi \cdot (2)^{3} = \frac{4}{3}\pi\cdot 8

We then multiply \displaystyle \frac{4}{3} by \displaystyle 8.

\displaystyle \frac{4}{3}\pi\cdot 8=\frac{32}{3}\pi

We finally substitute 3.14 for pi and multiply again to get our answer.

\displaystyle \frac{32}{3}\pi = 33.5

The question asked us to round to the nearest whole cubic inch. To do this, we round a number up one place if the last digit is a 5, 6, 7, 8, or 9, and we round it down if the last digit is a 1, 2, 3, or 4. Therefore:

\displaystyle 33.5\rightarrow34

Therefore our answer is \displaystyle 34\:in^3.

Example Question #1 : Spheres

A boulder breaks free on a slope and rolls downhill. It rolls for \displaystyle 355 complete revolutions before grinding to a halt. If the boulder has a volume of \displaystyle 1436 cubic feet, how far in feet did the boulder roll? (Assume the boulder doesn't lose mass to friction). Round \displaystyle \pi to 3 significant digits. Round your final answer to the nearest integer.

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle 15606ft

\displaystyle 11747ft

\displaystyle 23280ft

\displaystyle 11682ft

\displaystyle 9978ft

Correct answer:

\displaystyle 15606ft

Explanation:

The formula for the volume of a sphere is:

\displaystyle V = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3

To figure out how far the sphere rolled, we need to know the circumference, so we must first figure out radius. Solve the formula for volume in terms of radius:

 \displaystyle 1436 = \frac{4}{3}\pi r^3

\displaystyle \frac{1077}{\pi} =r^3

\displaystyle 342.99 = r^3

\displaystyle r \approx 6.999932

Since the answer asks us to round to the nearest integer, we are safe to round \displaystyle r to \displaystyle 7 at this point.

To find circumference, we now apply our circumference formula:

\displaystyle C = 2r\pi = 14\pi

If our boulder rolled \displaystyle 355 times, it covered that many times its own circumference.

\displaystyle 355\cdot 14\pi = 4970\pi \approx 15606

Thus, our boulder rolled for \displaystyle 15606ft

Example Question #11 : Spheres

Find the diameter of a sphere whose radius is \displaystyle 2d.

Possible Answers:

\displaystyle 2d

\displaystyle 4d^2

\displaystyle 2d^2

\displaystyle 4d

Correct answer:

\displaystyle 4d

Explanation:

To solve, simply remember that diameter is twice the radius. Don't be fooled when the radius is an algebraic expression and incorporates the arbitrary constant \displaystyle d. Thus,

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