ACT Math : ACT Math

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for ACT Math

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Example Questions

Example Question #121 : How To Find The Solution To An Equation

A car averages \(\displaystyle 32\) miles per gallon. If gas costs \(\displaystyle \$ 3.04\) per gallon, which of the following is closest to how much the gas would cost for this car to travel \(\displaystyle 1\textup{,}642\) typical miles?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \$51\)

\(\displaystyle \$155\)

\(\displaystyle \$156\)

\(\displaystyle \$50\)

\(\displaystyle \$17\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \$156\)

Explanation:

To solve this problem you should divide the total number of miles \(\displaystyle \left ( 1\textup{,}642\right )\) by the miles per gallon \(\displaystyle \left ( 32\right )\), and then multiply by the cost of gas per gallon \(\displaystyle \left ( \$3.04\right )\). This gives you \(\displaystyle \$155.99\), which is closest to \(\displaystyle \$156\).

Example Question #121 : How To Find The Solution To An Equation

When \(\displaystyle \textup{w}= 6\textup{ and } \textup{z} = 4\), by how much does the value of \(\displaystyle 3\textup{w}^{2}-2\textup{z}\) exceed the value of \(\displaystyle 2\textup{w}^{2} - 3\textup{z}\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 4\)

\(\displaystyle 40\)

\(\displaystyle 60\)

\(\displaystyle 0\)

\(\displaystyle -40\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 40\)

Explanation:

You must plug in \(\displaystyle 6\) for \(\displaystyle \textup{w}\) and \(\displaystyle 4\) for \(\displaystyle \textup{z}\), this means \(\displaystyle 3\textup{w}^{2}-2\textup{z}=\) \(\displaystyle 3\left ( 36\right )-2\left ( 4\right )=100\)   and \(\displaystyle 2\textup{w}^{2}-3\textup{z}=2\left ( 36\right )-3\left ( 4\right )=60\)

\(\displaystyle 100-60=40\) 

 

Example Question #1891 : Act Math

What is the value of \(\displaystyle \textup{t}\) when \(\displaystyle 3\textup{t}+5=7\textup{t}-2\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{7}{10}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{4}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{4}{7}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{3}{4}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{7}{4}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{7}{4}\)

Explanation:

The first step is to subtract \(\displaystyle \textup{3t}\) from both sides so you're left with \(\displaystyle 5=4\textup{t}-2\). Next, you add \(\displaystyle 2\) to both sides, giving you \(\displaystyle 7=4\textup{t}\). The final step is to divide by \(\displaystyle 4\), giving you \(\displaystyle \frac{7}{4}=\textup{t}\).

Example Question #1891 : Act Math

Karen has \(\displaystyle \$7\) more than \(\displaystyle 3\) times as many dollars as Susan. Karen also has \(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\) as many dollars as John would if he had \(\displaystyle 2\) more dollars. How many dollars does Susan have, relative to John?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{J}{4}\)

\(\displaystyle 3J -3\)

\(\displaystyle J + 2\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{J-12}{6}\)

\(\displaystyle 6J -4\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{J-12}{6}\)

Explanation:

First, set up our two equations. If Karen has seven dollars more than three times as many dollars as Susan, then \(\displaystyle K = 3S +7\). If Karen has half as many dollars as John would if he had two more dollars, then \(\displaystyle K = \frac{J+2}{2}\). The Substitution Property of Equality thus says that \(\displaystyle 3S +7 = \frac{J+2}{2}\). Now, we simply solve for \(\displaystyle S\) in terms of \(\displaystyle J\).

\(\displaystyle 3S +7 = \frac{J+2}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle 6S +14 = J+2\)

\(\displaystyle 6S = J-12\)

\(\displaystyle S = \frac{J-12}{6}\)

Example Question #121 : Equations / Inequalities

If the third day of the year is a Wednesday, what is the 165th day?

Possible Answers:

Thursday

Friday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Monday

Correct answer:

Thursday

Explanation:

If the third day is a Wednesday, then the first day is a Monday. 23 weeks will complete a cycle with the 161st day. Therefore, the fourth day past that, 165, is a Thursday.

 

Example Question #122 : Equations / Inequalities

John, Jill, and Jack are splitting a pizza. John eats \(\displaystyle 1/2\) of the pizza and Jill eats \(\displaystyle 1/3\) of the pizza. How much of the pizza is left for Jack?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 1/3\)

\(\displaystyle 1/6\)

\(\displaystyle None\)

\(\displaystyle 3/5\)

\(\displaystyle 1/5\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 1/6\)

Explanation:

We can write an equation for the amount of pizza eaten, with \(\displaystyle x\) as the amount left for Jack.

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2} + \frac{1}{3} + x = 1\)

To solve this equation, we must find the lowest common denominator of \(\displaystyle 1/2\) and \(\displaystyle 1/3\). We can list the multiples of \(\displaystyle 2\) and \(\displaystyle 3\) to find the least common multiple:

\(\displaystyle 2: 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, ...\)

\(\displaystyle 3: 3, 6, 12, 15, 18, 21, ...\)

We can see that the least common multiple of \(\displaystyle 2\) and \(\displaystyle 3\) is \(\displaystyle 6\), so we can rewrite each of the fractions with a denominator of \(\displaystyle 6\).

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{2}\cdot \frac{3}{3} = \frac{3}{6}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{3}\cdot \frac{2}{2} = \frac{2}{6}\)

When we put these fractions back into the equation, we can solve for \(\displaystyle x\):

\(\displaystyle \frac{3}{6} + \frac{2}{6} + x = 1\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{5}{6} + x = 1\)

\(\displaystyle x = \frac{1}{6}\)

Example Question #123 : Equations / Inequalities

What is the slope of a line represented by the equation:

\(\displaystyle 15y + 3x = 4\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{5}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{4}{3}\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{3}{4}\)

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{5}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{5}\)

Explanation:

To solve problems where you need to find the slope of a line in a given equation, change the equation so that it matches y-intercept form:

\(\displaystyle y=mx+b\)

For this equation, first move the 3x over to the other side of the equation.

\(\displaystyle 15y + 3x = 4\)

         \(\displaystyle -3x\)   \(\displaystyle -3x\)

The equation should now look like this:

\(\displaystyle 15y = -3x + 4\)

Then, divide by 15 to isolate the variable \(\displaystyle y\).

\(\displaystyle \frac{15y}{15} =-\frac{3x}{15} + \frac{4}{15} \rightarrow y =-\frac{3}{15}x + \frac{4}{15}\)

Then simplify

\(\displaystyle y =-\frac{3}{15}x + \frac{4}{15} \rightarrow y =-\frac{1}{5}x + \frac{4}{15}\)

Whatever number is before the x in the equation (m) is your slope.

\(\displaystyle -\frac{1}{5}\)

Example Question #102 : Linear / Rational / Variable Equations

 Rational_5

Possible Answers:

0

2

1

–2

–1

Correct answer:

2

Explanation:

Rational_2

Rational_3

Rational_4

Example Question #1 : How To Find The Solution To A Rational Equation With Lcd

Linesmb1

Possible Answers:

b/(m+ 1)

–bm/(m+ 1)

b/(m– 1)

–b/(+ 1)

bm/(m+ 1)

Correct answer:

b/(m+ 1)

Explanation:

Linesmb5

Linesmb4

Example Question #1891 : Act Math

In the equation below, \(\displaystyle m\), \(\displaystyle p\), and \(\displaystyle k\) are non-zero numbers. What is the value of \(\displaystyle m\) in terms of \(\displaystyle p\) and \(\displaystyle k\)?

\(\displaystyle \frac{1}{m^3}-\frac{1}{k^2}=\frac{1}{p}\)

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle m=(\frac{p+k^2}{pk^2})^{\frac{1}{3}}\)

\(\displaystyle m=(\frac{pk^2}{p+k^2})^{\frac{1}{3}}\)

\(\displaystyle m=(\frac{p+k^2}{2})^3\)

\(\displaystyle m=p^{\frac{1}{2}}-k^{\frac{1}{3}}\)

\(\displaystyle m=\frac{p^2k^3}{p+k^2}\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle m=(\frac{pk^2}{p+k^2})^{\frac{1}{3}}\)

Explanation:

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