NCLEX : General Concepts

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for NCLEX

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Example Questions

Example Question #11 : Pharmacology

An infant on his 14th day of life enters the emergency room. He are tachycardic, has poor skin turgor, and is crying without the formation of tears. The nurse knows that this child is showing symptoms of dehydration. The doctor orders fluid replacement of 544ml over 5 hours. What is the drip rate of the infusion?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Use the following formula to calculate drip rate: 

Example Question #1 : Dosage

An 11-month-old child weighing 8.6kg enters the emergency room with symptoms of a severe respiratory infection. Her physician suspects bacterial origin and prescribes Ampicillin. The guidelines state that Ampicillin is to be administered as  in a dose q6 hours. Ampicillin comes in 250mg IV solutions of 50 milliliters. How many milliliters should the nurse administer for each dose?

Possible Answers:


Correct answer:

Explanation:

The child's weight is already in kilograms. There is no need to change the unit of weight.

Set up the equation as follows

Solve for :

By solving for , we have determined that the child is to receive .

Next, divide the dose by 4 because the dose is to be given every 6 hours. 

By calculating this number, we have determined that the child should receive a dose of 107.5mg every six hours. If Ampicillin comes packaged with 250mg in 50mL, we can set up an equation to determine how many milliliters we need to reach 107.5mg.

Solve for 

Example Question #5 : Dosage

Evelynn is a 3-year-old girl who has been bitten by her family's dog. She has had an incision and drainage (I&D) of her left hand to prevent infection and she has been prescribed cefazolin. The guidelines for cefazolin are . Evelynn weighs 42 lbs. How many milligrams of cefazolin should the nurse administer daily?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

First convert Evelynn's weight from pounds to kilograms. This is done by dividing Evelynn's weight by 2.2 because 1 pound is 2.2 kilograms.

Set up the equation as follows: 

Solve for  

Example Question #12 : Pharmacology

The nurse must administer 1 liter of sodium chloride solution over 8 hours. What is the appropriate rate in milliliters per hour that the nurse must set on the IV pump?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

In order to calculate the proper rate in milliliters per hour , we must first convert  to , which is . Then, we divide this volume in milliliters by 8 hours to get . This can be shown mathematically using dimensional analysis:

Example Question #5 : Dosage

The nurse prepares to administer naproxen to his patient. The physician has ordered  in divided doses.

The medication label reads . How many tablets equal the daily dose of this prescription?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

First, convert the available dose to the dose ordered by the physician.

Divide the prescribed daily dose by the dose in each tablet to get the number of tablets that equal the daily dose.

Example Question #2 : Dosage

The nurse administers  of piperacillin to a patient with an infection. It must be delivered over 2 hours. The IV has a drop factor of 5. How many drops will fall per minute (rounded to the nearest tenth)  ?

Possible Answers:

 

Correct answer:

 

Explanation:

The drops per minute equation is:

Round to nearest tenth:

Example Question #11 : General Concepts

The physician orders digoxin  PO QID. The label states:

How many tablets will the nurse administer to the patient for one dose?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

First convert  to the same units as the available tablets.

The nurse will administer 1 tab of  digoxin to this patient to fulfill the order of  digoxin.

Example Question #12 : General Concepts

The nurse reads orders set by the primary care provider. She has prescribed 6,000 units of heparin Q6H SC for the patient. The label on the heparin vial reads . How many milliliters will the nurse administer to the patient?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

First, establish the ordered dose of 6,000 units. The heparin label reads that . Use dimensional analysis to solve this problem.

Example Question #13 : General Concepts

The nurse prepares to administer medications to his patients. One order reads  of potassium iodide for expectoration. The label on the medication reads

How many milligrams are contained in this dose?

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

First, convert the ordered dose to the units listed on the available medication. 

Then, use this proportion to find the dosage in milligrams.

Example Question #11 : Nclex

The nurse prepares an order of  ampicillin IM Q8H. The medication is available in powdered form to be reconstituted with sterile water. The vial contains  ampicillin and instructs the nurse to reconstitute with  of sterile water to obtain a concentration of  ampicillin per milliliter. How many milliliters will the nurse administer per dose?Round to nearest tenth.

Possible Answers:

Correct answer:

Explanation:

Use the proportion  ampicillin per milliliter to find the amount of milliliters the nurse will administer per dose. The ordered amount is  ampicillin.

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