Human Anatomy and Physiology : Identifying Joints of the Trunk, Core, and Head

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Human Anatomy and Physiology

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Example Questions

Example Question #1 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

Which of the following is not involved in joining a rib to the sternum?

Possible Answers:

Sternocostal joint

Synovial joint

Costochondral joint

Sternoclavicular joint

Hyaline cartilage

Correct answer:

Sternoclavicular joint

Explanation:

The rib bones do not directly interface with the sternum, but are linked to the sternum by regions of hyaline cartilage. The interface between the rib and the cartilage is a costochonral joint. The interface between the cartilage and the sternum is a sternocostal joint. Sternocostal joints are slightly articular synovial joints.

The sternoclavicular joint is the interface between the sternal end of the clavicle and the manubrium of the sternum.

Example Question #1 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

Name the suture that connects the parietal bones to the occipital bone.

Possible Answers:

Sagittal suture

Metopic suture

Lambdoid suture

Coronal suture

Squamous suture

Correct answer:

Lambdoid suture

Explanation:

Fibrous joints are responsible for connecting the bones of the skull. The lambdoid suture is the fibrous joint found on the posterior portion of the skull, and is used to connect the occipital bone to the parietal bones.

The coronal suture connects the frontal bones and parietal bones. The sagittal suture joins the parietal bones to one another. The squamous suture joins the parietal and temporal bones. The metopic suture joins the two frontal bones to one another.

Example Question #1 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

Which of the following pairs of vertebrae represents the location of the atlantoaxial joint in the spine?

Possible Answers:

M1 and M2

L1 and L2

C1 and C2

T1 and T2

None of these

Correct answer:

C1 and C2

Explanation:

The atlantoaxial joint, a trochoid (pivot) joint where most cervical rotation occurs, sits at the junction of the atlas (C1) and axis (C2). It is the most mobile joint to occur between any two vertebrae in the human body.

Example Question #1 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

Which of the following is not a joint articulation found in the thoracic cavity?

Possible Answers:

Sternoclavicular

Costochondral

Sternocostal

Acromioclavicular

Correct answer:

Acromioclavicular

Explanation:

The thorax has three major articulations: sternoclavicular, sternocostal, and costochondral joints. The sternoclavicular provides a connection between the upper limbs and the axial skeleton, joining the manubrium of the sternum to the medial end of the clavicle. The sternocostal joints are the attachments between the sternum and the cartilage of ribs 1 to 7. Costochondral joints are the attachments of the ribs to their costal cartilages.

The acromioclavicular joint is formed between the acromion process of the scapula and the distal end of the clavicle. It is local to the shoulder, and is not found in the thoracic cavity.

Example Question #1 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

What three bones make up the shoulder joint?

Possible Answers:

Humerus, scapula, and clavicle

Scapula and clavicle only

Coracoid process, clavicle, and scapula

Humerus and scapula only

Femur, scapula, and clavicle

Correct answer:

Humerus, scapula, and clavicle

Explanation:

The three bones that make up the shoulder joint are the humerus, scapula, and clavicle. The head of the humerus articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the clavicle articulates with the scapula at the acromioclavicular joint. Collectively these make up the shoulder joint.

Example Question #1 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

Because of human development, this type of joint only completely fuses later in life.

Possible Answers:

Gomphoses

Synovial

Sutures

Syndesmoses

Amphiarthroses

Correct answer:

Sutures

Explanation:

The sutures of the skull are not fused at childbirth possibly to ease passage of the skull through the birth canal. Later in life the sutures fuse to form synarthroses called synostoses and offer much stronger protection of the brain. Fontanelles are the soft spots between the skull bones and will close about 18 months after birth.

Example Question #3 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

What is the name of the joint that lies between the first and second cervical (neck) vertebrae (C1 and C2, respectively)?

Possible Answers:

Atlanto-axial

Atlanto-occipital

Axial-occipital

Occipital joint

Correct answer:

Atlanto-axial

Explanation:

The atlanto-axial joint is a joint in the upper part of the neck between the first and second cervical vertebrae (the atlas and axis). This joint is a pivot joint; it allows for rotation, flexion, extension, and other movements that our necks can perform.

Example Question #1 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

What is the function of the atlanto-occipital joint?

Possible Answers:

Serves as an attachment site for the sternocleidomastoid muscle

Allows articulation between the atlas and the axis

Checks excessive rotation of the head and atlas relative to the axis

Allows the head to nod up and down

Allows the head to turn left and right

Correct answer:

Allows the head to nod up and down

Explanation:

The atlanto-occipital joint is located between the atlas and the occipital bone and allows the head to nod up and down on the vertical column. The dens acts as a pivot that allows the head to pivot right and left. The alar ligaments check excessive rotation of the head and atlas relative to the axis and the atlanto-axial joint allows the axis and atlas to articulate with one another.

Example Question #5 : Identifying Joints Of The Trunk, Core, And Head

What is the junction called where the coronal and sagittal sutures meet of the head?

Possible Answers:

Pterion

Inion

Lambda

Asterion

Bregma

Correct answer:

Bregma

Explanation:

Lambda: where the lambdoidal and sagittal sutures meet

Inion: the internal occipital protuberance

Pterion: meeting of the great wing of the sphenoid and parietal bone

Asterion: meeting of the lambdoidal, occipitomastoid, and parietomastoid sutures

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