One yard is equal to 36 inches; one square yard is equal to $\displaystyle 36^{2} = 1,296$.

Multiply this conversion factor by 13:

$\displaystyle 13 \times 1,296 = 16,848$, the correct choice.

Since the addition of 250 milliliters of water changes the status of the jar from 40% full to half, or 50%, full, then 250 milliliters is $\displaystyle (50-40) \% = 10 \%$ of the capacity of the jar. Therefore, the jar holds 

$\displaystyle 250 \div 10 \% = 250 \div 0.1 = 2,500$ milliliters of water total.

Divide by 1,000 milliliters per liter to convert to liters:

$\displaystyle 2,500 \div 1,000 = 2.5$ liters.

The second jar was 10% full and contained $\displaystyle 250 - 200 = 50$ milliliters of water. Therefore, the capacity of the second jar, which is also that of the first, is

$\displaystyle 50 \div 10 \% = 50 \div 0.10 = 500$ milliliters.

Divide this by the conversion factor of 1,000 to convert to liters:

$\displaystyle 500 \div 1,000 = 0.5$ liters, the correct response.

Call the capacity of the first jar, in milliliters, $\displaystyle X$; the capacity of the second jar is therefore twice this, or $\displaystyle 2 X$. 

The first jar is 20% full, so the amount of water in this jar is currently $\displaystyle X \cdot 20 \% = 0.2 X$ milliliters. The second jar is 40% full, so it contains $\displaystyle 2X \cdot 40\% = 0.4 \cdot 2X = 0.8 X$ milliliters of water. Therefore, since the total amount of water is 600 milliliters:

$\displaystyle 0.2X + 0.8X = 600$

$\displaystyle X = 600$

The first jar has a capacity of 600 milliliters. It is 20% full, so it has

$\displaystyle 600 \cdot 20 \% = 600 \cdot 0.2 = 120$ milliliters of water, and it can hold 

$\displaystyle 600- 120 = 480$ milliliters more. Divide by 1,000 milliliters per liter to convert to liters:; this is

$\displaystyle 480 \div 1,000 = 0.48$ liters.

Since the two jars have the same capacity, which we will call $\displaystyle X$ milliliters, the amount of water in the first and second jars, respectively, are  $\displaystyle X \cdot 20 \% = 0.20 X$, and $\displaystyle 40\%$ of $\displaystyle X$, or $\displaystyle 0.40 X$. The total amount of water is

$\displaystyle 0.20X + 0.40 X = 900$

$\displaystyle 0.60 X = 900$

$\displaystyle \frac{0.60 X}{0.60} = \frac{900}{0.60}$

$\displaystyle X= 1,500$

The capacity of each jar is $\displaystyle \textup{1,500 milliliters}$. The first jar is $\displaystyle 20\%$ full and therefore contains $\displaystyle 1,500 \cdot 20 \% = 1,500 \cdot 0.20 = 300$ milliliters of water; it can hold $\displaystyle 1,500 - 300 = 1,200$ milliliters more. 

Divide by $\displaystyle \textup{1,000 milliliters per liter }$to convert to liters:

$\displaystyle 1,200 \div 1,000 = 1.2\textup{ liters}$.

For the sake of simplicity, assume that the first jar holds 100 milliliters of water - this reasoning is independent of the actual capacity. The second jar holds 40% more water, which is 

$\displaystyle 100 + 100 \cdot 40 \% = 100 + 100 \cdot 0.4 = 100+40 = 140$ milliliters capacity.

The first jar is filled to capacity, so it holds 100 milliliters of water. The second jar contains 20% less water, so it contains

$\displaystyle 100 - 100 \cdot 20 \% = 100 - 100 \cdot 0.20 = 100 - 20 = 80$ milliliters of water.

The jar is $\displaystyle X = \frac{80}{140} \cdot 100 \% = 57 \frac{1}{7} \%$ full.

Let $\displaystyle X$ be the capacity, in liters, of each of the other jars. Since each jar is 25% full, the amount of water in each jar is 25% of $\displaystyle X$, or $\displaystyle 0.25X$. The contents of eight such jars will fit in the two-liter jar, so

$\displaystyle 8 \cdot 0.25 X \le 2$

$\displaystyle 2 X \le 2$

$\displaystyle X \le 1$

This means each jar can be at most one liter in capacity.

The contents of nine such jars will not fit, however, so 

$\displaystyle 9 \cdot 0.25 X > 2$

$\displaystyle 2.25 X > 2$

$\displaystyle X > 2 \div 2.25 \approx 0.89$

This means that each jar must be at least about 0.88 liters in capacity.

The only choice that falls in this range is 0.9 liters, so this is the correct choice.

First, multiply to find the number of flots in a klot.

$\displaystyle \frac{17 \; \textrm{flots}}{1 \; \textrm{glot}} \cdot \frac{7 \; \textrm{glots}}{1 \; \textrm{klot}}= \frac{119 \; \textrm{flots}}{1 \; \textrm{klot}}$

Cube that to find the number of cubic flots in a cubic klot.

$\displaystyle \left (\frac{119 \; \textrm{flots}}{1 \; \textrm{klot}} \right )^{3} = \frac{1,685,159 \; \textrm{flots} ^{3}}{1 \; \textrm{klot}^{3}}}$

Therefore, 1,685,159 cubic flots = 1 cubic klot

Let $\displaystyle x$ equal the original price.

First discount: $\displaystyle x(1-0.20)=0.80x$ (sale price).

Second discount: $\displaystyle 0.80x(1-0.25)=0.60x$ (final sale price)

Therefore, the final price is 60% of the original price. To calculate the discount:

$\displaystyle 1-0.60=0.40$ or 40%

Let $\displaystyle x$ be the price before discount of the merchandise Carolyn can purchase now using her 10% discount. Then Carolyn will pay 90% of that price, or $\displaystyle 0.9x$. Set up and solve the equation:

$\displaystyle 450 = 0.9x$

$\displaystyle x = \frac{450}{0.9} = 500$

So Carolyn can use that gift card to purchase $500 worth of merchandise now.

Now let $\displaystyle y$ be the price before discount of the merchandise Carolyn can purchase during Employee Appreciation Day using a 25% discount. Then Carolyn will pay 75% of that price, or $\displaystyle 0.75y$. Set up and solve the equation:

$\displaystyle 450 = 0.75x$

$\displaystyle y = \frac{450}{0.75} = 600$

So Carolyn can use that gift card to purchase $600 worth of merchandise on Employee Appreciation Day.

Carolyn can save $100 by holding out.