Calculus 1 : Calculus

Study concepts, example questions & explanations for Calculus 1

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Example Questions

Example Question #461 : Calculus

The jerk on an object is \(\displaystyle j(t) = 11t\). What is the acceleration on the object if its initial acceleration is \(\displaystyle 10\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 11\) 

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 11t^2 - 10\)

\(\displaystyle a(t) = \frac{11t^2}{2} - 10\) 

\(\displaystyle a(t) = \frac{11t^2}{2} + 10\) 

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle a(t) = \frac{11t^2}{2} + 10\) 

Explanation:

The object acceleration can be found by integrating the object's jerk. This can be done using the power rule where

\(\displaystyle f'(x) = x^n \rightarrow f(x) = \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}\).

Therefore the acceleration of the object is

\(\displaystyle a(t) = \int (11t)dt = \frac{11t^{(1+1)}}{1+1} +C = \frac{11t^2}{2} +C\)

Solving for the constant C using the initial condition given in the question is as follows.

\(\displaystyle a(0) = \frac{11(0)^2}{2} +C = 0 +C = 10\)

Therefore \(\displaystyle C =10\) and \(\displaystyle a(t) = \frac{11t^2}{2} + 10\) .

Example Question #71 : How To Find Acceleration

The position of an object is \(\displaystyle x(t) = \sin(t)\cos(t)\). What is the acceleration of the object?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle a(t) = -4\cos(t)\sin(t)\)

None of the above.

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 0\)

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 4\cos(t)\sin(t)\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle a(t) = -4\cos(t)\sin(t)\)

Explanation:

The acceleration of the object can be found by differentiating the position equation twice, using the product rule. The product rule is where

\(\displaystyle f(x)= j(x)k(x) \rightarrow f'(x) = j'(x)k(x) + j(x)k'(x)\).

Using the product rule, the velocity of the object is

\(\displaystyle v(t) = (\cos(t))\cos(t) + \sin(t)(-\sin(t)) = \cos^2(t) - \sin^2(t)\).

To differentiate the velocity equation we must use the power rule and the chain rule. 

The power rule is

\(\displaystyle f(x) = x^n \rightarrow f'(x) = nx^{n-1}\).

The chain rule is

\(\displaystyle f(x) = h(g(x)) \rightarrow f'(x) = h'(g(x) \times g'(x)\).

Therefore the acceleration equation is then

\(\displaystyle \\a(t) = v'(t) = (2)\cos^{(2-1)}(t)(-\sin(t)) - (2)\sin^{(2-1)}(t)(\cos(t)) \\ \Rightarrow -2\cos(t)\sin(t) - 2\sin(t)\cos(t) = -4\cos(t)\sin(t)\).

Example Question #72 : How To Find Acceleration

The velocity of an object is given by the equation \(\displaystyle v(t) = 2t + 5\). What is the acceleration of the object at time \(\displaystyle t = 4\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle -3\)

\(\displaystyle 0\)

None of these.

\(\displaystyle -4\)

Correct answer:

None of these.

Explanation:

The acceleration of the object is the derivative of the velocity. We can differentiate the velocity using the power rule where if

\(\displaystyle f(x) = x^n \rightarrow f'(x) = nx^{n-1}\).

Therefore the acceleration equation of the object is

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 2t^1 - 5t^0 =2(1)t^{(1-1)} - 5(0)t^{(0-1)} = 2\).

Because the acceleration does not have depend on the variable \(\displaystyle t\) the function is constant. Therefore the acceleration of the object is \(\displaystyle 2\).

Example Question #73 : How To Find Acceleration

The position of an object is given by the function \(\displaystyle x(t) = 5t^5 - 3t^2\). What is the acceleration of the object at time \(\displaystyle t =1\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 79\)

\(\displaystyle 42\)

\(\displaystyle 37\)

\(\displaystyle 94\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 94\)

Explanation:

The acceleration of the object can be found by differentiating the position equation of the object twice. This can be done using the power rule where if

\(\displaystyle f(x) = x^n \rightarrow f'(x) = nx^{n-1}\).

Therefore the velocity equation is 

\(\displaystyle v(t) = 5(5)t^{(5-1)} - 3(2)t^{(2-1)} = 25t^4 - 6t^\).

Repeating this process gives the acceleration equation

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 25(4)t^{(4-1)} - 6(1)t^{(1-1)} = 100t^3 - 6\).

Now we can find the acceleration at \(\displaystyle t= 1\).

\(\displaystyle a(1) = 100(1)^3 - 6 = 100 -6 = 94\)

Example Question #74 : How To Find Acceleration

The jerk of an object is given by \(\displaystyle j(t) = 60t^3\). What is the acceleration of the object at time \(\displaystyle t= 2\), if the initial acceleration of the object is \(\displaystyle 9\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 200\)

\(\displaystyle 69\)

\(\displaystyle 9\)

\(\displaystyle 249\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 249\)

Explanation:

To find acceleration we integrate the jerk of the object. This can be done using the power rule where if

\(\displaystyle f'(x) = x^n \rightarrow f(x) = \frac{x^{n+1}}{n+1}\).

Therefore the acceleration is

\(\displaystyle a(t) = \int (60t^3)dt = \frac{60t^{(3+1)}}{3+1} + C = 15t^4 +C\).

The initial acceleration of the equation can now be used to find the value of \(\displaystyle C\).

\(\displaystyle a(0) = 15(0)^4 + C = 0 + C = 9\)

Therefore \(\displaystyle C = 9\) and \(\displaystyle a(t) = 15t^4 + 9\).

The acceleration at time \(\displaystyle t =2\) can now be found.

\(\displaystyle a(2) = 15(2)^4 + 9 = 249\)

Example Question #71 : Acceleration

The velocity of an object is \(\displaystyle v(t) = e^{7t}\). What is the acceleration of the object at \(\displaystyle t = 0\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 1\)

\(\displaystyle e^7\)

\(\displaystyle 49\)

\(\displaystyle 7\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle 7\)

Explanation:

The acceleration can be found by differentiating the velocity.

The velocity can be differentiated using the chain rule where

\(\displaystyle f(x) = h(g(x)) \rightarrow f'(x) = h'(g(x) \times g'(x)\).

The acceleration is then

\(\displaystyle a(t) = v'(t) = e^{7t}(7) = 7e^{7t}\).

At \(\displaystyle t = 0\), the acceleration is

\(\displaystyle a(0) = 7e^{7(0)} = 7e^0 = 7\).

Example Question #75 : How To Find Acceleration

The position of an object is given by the equation \(\displaystyle x(t) = 10t -17\). What is the acceleration equation for the object?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 0\)

None of these.

\(\displaystyle a(t) = \frac{5t^3}{6} - \frac{17t^2}{2}\)

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 10\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 0\)

Explanation:

The acceleration can be found by differentiating the position equation twice using the power rule.

The power rule is where

\(\displaystyle f(x) = x^n \rightarrow f'(x) = nx^{n-1}\).

Therefore the velocity of the object is

\(\displaystyle v(t) = x'(t) = 10(1)t^{(1-1)} - 17(0)t^{0-1} = 10\).

The acceleration of the object can be found using the same method of differentiation as before.

\(\displaystyle a(t) = v'(t) = 10(0)t^{(0-1)} = 0\)

Therefore the acceleration of the object is \(\displaystyle 0\).

Example Question #71 : Acceleration

The velocity of an object is \(\displaystyle v(t) = \sin(e^{2t})\). What is the acceleration of the object at time \(\displaystyle t = -1\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 2e^2\cos(2)\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2}{e^2}\cos(e^{2})\)

\(\displaystyle {2e^2}\cos(e^{2})\)

\(\displaystyle \frac{2}{e^2}\cos(e^{-2})\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle \frac{2}{e^2}\cos(e^{-2})\)

Explanation:

The acceleration of the object is the derivative of the velocity equation. To differentiate this equation we can use the chain rule and the power rule where if

\(\displaystyle f(x) = h(g(x)) \rightarrow f'(x) = h'(g(x) \times g'(x)\)

and if 

\(\displaystyle f(x) = x^n \rightarrow f'(x) = nx^{n-1}\).

From these rules we find that the acceleration of the object is

\(\displaystyle a(t) = \cos(e^{2t})(e^{2t})(2) = 2e^{2t}\cos(e^{2t})\).

We can now find the acceleration at time  \(\displaystyle t = -1\).

\(\displaystyle a(-1) = 2e^{2(-1)}\cos(e^{2(-1)}) = \frac{2}{e^2}\cos(e^{-2})\)

Example Question #72 : How To Find Acceleration

The position of an object is given by the equation \(\displaystyle x(t) = 4t^2 - t^3\). What is the acceleration of the object at \(\displaystyle t =2\)?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle 4\)

\(\displaystyle 20\)

\(\displaystyle -4\)

\(\displaystyle 8\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle -4\)

Explanation:

The acceleration of the object can be found by differentiating the position twice. This can be done using the power rule where if

\(\displaystyle f(x) = x^n \rightarrow f'(x) = nx^{n-1}\).

Using this we can differentiate the velocity equation.

\(\displaystyle v(t) = 4(2)t^{(2-1)} - (3)t^{(3-1)} = 8t - 3t^2\)

Repeating this process we can find the acceleration equation.

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 8(1)t^{(1-1)} - 3(2)t^{(2-1)} = 8 - 6t\)

We can now find the acceleration at \(\displaystyle t = 2\).

\(\displaystyle a(2) = 8 - 6(2) = 8 - 12 = -4\)

Example Question #71 : Acceleration

The position of an object is given by the equation \(\displaystyle x(t) = 6t^3e^t\). What is the acceleration of the object?

Possible Answers:

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 6te^t+36t^2e^t+6t^3e^t\)

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 36te^t+36t^2e^t+6t^3e^t\)

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 36te^t+18t^2e^t+6t^3e^t\)

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 72te^t+36t^2e^t+6t^3e^t\)

Correct answer:

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 36te^t+36t^2e^t+6t^3e^t\)

Explanation:

To find the acceleration of the object we must differentiate the position of the object twice. We can differentiate the position using the power rule and the product rule where if

\(\displaystyle f(x) = x^n \rightarrow f'(x) = nx^{n-1}\)

and if 

\(\displaystyle f(x)= j(x)k(x) \rightarrow f'(x) = j'(x)k(x) + j(x)k'(x)\).

Using these rules we obtian

\(\displaystyle v(t) = (6(3)t^{(3-1)})e^t + 6t^3(e^t) = 18t^2e^t+6t^3e^t\).

Using the same rules we can differentiate again to give the acceleration equation.

\(\displaystyle a(t) = 18(2)t^{(2-1)}e^t +18t^2(e^t) + 6(3)t^{(3-1)}e^t + 6t^3(e^t) = 36te^t+36t^2e^t+6t^3e^t\)

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