To help us answer a vocabulary question within a sentence, we need to look a the sentence and the surrounding sentences to see if we are given any clues. 

"There was nothing so very remarkable in that; nor did Alice think it so very much out of the way to hear the Rabbit say to itself, 'Oh dear! Oh dear! I shall be late!' (when she thought it over afterwards, it occurred to her that she ought to have wondered at this, but at the time it all seemed quite natural); but when the Rabbit actually took a watch out of its waistcoat-pocket, and looked at it, and then hurried on, Alice started to her feet, for it flashed across her mind that she had never before seen a rabbit with either a waistcoat-pocket, or a watch to take out of it, and burning with curiosity, she ran across the field after it, and fortunately was just in time to see it pop down a large rabbit-hole under the hedge.

In another moment down went Alice after it, never once considering how in the world she was to get out again."

We know from reading the paragraph that Alice is following the rabbit, and she was fortunate enough to see the rabbit go down a rabbit hole. Because it says fortunately, she wanted to see were the rabbit was going; thus, curiosity means to wonder. 

We are told in the first sentence what Alice's feelings are. 

"Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do: once or twice she had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, 'and what is the use of a book,' thought Alice 'without pictures or conversation?'"

When you are tired of doing something and having nothing to do, you are bored; thus, bored is the correct answer. 

In the first sentence we are told why Alice didn't like her sister's book. 

"Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do: once or twice she had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, 'and what is the use of a book,' thought Alice 'without pictures or conversation?'"

Both of the options are correct. 

Looking at our answer choices, there are four types of sentences:

1. A declarative sentence is a sentence that tells the reader about something, and it will always end with a period.
2. An imperative sentence is a sentence that is a command, it tells someone to do something. This type of sentence will end in either a period or an exclamation point. 
3. An interrogative sentence is a sentence that asks something, it's a question. This type of sentence will always end with a question mark.
4. An exclamatory sentence is a sentence that shows excitement, surprise, or a strong emotion. This type of sentence will always end with an exclamation point.

Let's look at the sentence from the question:

I got an A+ on my science project! 

This sentence ends in an exclamation point and it is showing excitement; thus, this sentence is an exclamatory sentence.  

Looking at our answer choices, there are four types of sentences:

1. A declarative sentence is a sentence that tells the reader about something, and it will always end with a period.
2. An imperative sentence is a sentence that is a command, it tells someone to do something. This type of sentence will end in either a period or an exclamation point. 
3. An interrogative sentence is a sentence that asks something, it's a question. This type of sentence will always end with a question mark.
4. An exclamatory sentence is a sentence that shows excitement, surprise, or a strong emotion. This type of sentence will always end with an exclamation point.

Let's look at the sentence from the question:

Take the garbage outside. 

This sentence ends in a period, so we can eliminate "exclamatory" and "interrogative". This sentence is telling someone to do something, take out the garbage; thus, the correct answer is imperative. 

Looking at our answer choices, there are four types of sentences:

1. A declarative sentence is a sentence that tells the reader about something, and it will always end with a period.
2. An imperative sentence is a sentence that is a command, it tells someone to do something. This type of sentence will end in either a period or an exclamation point. 
3. An interrogative sentence is a sentence that asks something, it's a question. This type of sentence will always end with a question mark.
4. An exclamatory sentence is a sentence that shows excitement, surprise, or a strong emotion. This type of sentence will always end with an exclamation point.

Let's look at the sentence from the question:

Will you go get the mail from the mailbox? 

This sentence ends in a question mark; thus, this sentence is an interrogative sentence.  

Prepositions are words that come before a noun or pronoun, and connects it with the rest of the sentence. A Preposition is often referred to as "connecting word". In most cases, prepositions tell time, placement, or movement. 

Let's look at our sentence and identify the nouns and or pronouns:

The balloons floated above the mailbox.

We know that the preposition has to come before one of those nouns, and it will most likely be a time, placement, or movement. "Above" is the choice that falls in that category, and is the correct answer. "Above" is telling the placement of the balloons over the mailbox, connecting "mailbox" to the rest of the sentence. 

Prepositions are words that come before a noun or pronoun, and connects it with the rest of the sentence. A Preposition is often referred to as "connecting word". In most cases, prepositions tell time, placement, or movement. 

Let's look at our sentence and identify the nouns and or pronouns:

The dog in the park is very friendly. 

We know that the preposition has to come before one of those nouns, and it will most likely be a time, placement, or movement. "In" is the choice that falls in that category, and is the correct answer. "In" is telling the placement of the dog, connecting "the park" to the rest of the sentence.

Prepositions are words that come before a noun or pronoun, and connects it with the rest of the sentence. A Preposition is often referred to as "connecting word". In most cases, prepositions tell time, placement, or movement. 

Let's look at our sentence and identify the nouns and or pronouns:

David asked his dad to check for monsters under his bed. 

We know that the preposition has to come before one of those nouns, and it will most likely be a time, placement, or movement. "Under" is the choice that falls in that category, and is the correct answer. "Under" is telling the placement of the monster, connecting the "bed" to the rest of the sentence.

To be excited about something, means to be eager. 

To use eager in a sentence, "I was eager to receive my final grades for the semester."