Compare Functions in Different Representations

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8th Grade Math › Compare Functions in Different Representations

Questions 1 - 10
1

Function A is given by $f(x)=6x-4$. Function B is described as: “It starts at 2 when $x=0$ and decreases by 1 for every 1 increase in $x$.”

Which statement is true?

They have the same rate of change

Function B has the greater initial value because $-4>2$

Function B has the greater rate of change because $2>-4$

Function A has the greater rate of change because $6>-1$

Explanation

This question tests comparing properties of functions given as an equation and a verbal description. Function A from f(x)=6x-4 has slope 6 and y-intercept -4. Function B is described as "starts at 2 when x=0" (y-intercept=2) and "decreases by 1 for every 1 increase in x" (slope=-1, negative because it decreases). Comparing rates of change: Function A has slope 6 and Function B has slope -1, so 6>-1, meaning Function A has the greater rate of change. Option A incorrectly compares initial values instead of rates, option C makes a false comparison (-4>2 is false), and option D is incorrect as the slopes differ. Strategy: (1) extract slope and intercept from equation, (2) interpret verbal description carefully ("decreases by 1" means slope -1), (3) compare slopes as signed numbers, (4) remember positive slope > negative slope regardless of magnitude.

2

Function A is given by $f(x)=1.5x+4$. Function B is shown in the table.

Which function has the greater initial value?

Question graphic

Function B, because its initial value is 2

Function A, because its initial value is 4

Function A, because its initial value is 1.5

They have the same initial value

Explanation

This question tests comparing initial values (y-intercepts) between an equation and a table. From Function A's equation f(x)=1.5x+4, we identify the slope as 1.5 and y-intercept as 4 (the constant term). For Function B from the table, we need to find the y-value when x=0, which based on the answer choices appears to be 2. Comparing initial values: Function A has y-intercept 4 and Function B has y-intercept 2, so since 4>2, Function A has the greater initial value. The error in option A confuses the slope (1.5) with the initial value, while option B correctly identifies Function B's initial value but incorrectly claims it's greater. Strategy: (1) recognize initial value means y-intercept, (2) extract y-intercept from equation (constant term, not coefficient), (3) find y-intercept from table (y when x=0), (4) compare values correctly.

3

Function A is given by $f(x)=-2x+10$. Function B is shown in the table.

Which statement is true about their rates of change?

Question graphic

Function B has a greater rate of change because $3>-2$

Function A has a greater rate of change because $-2>3$

Function A has a greater rate of change because $10>8$

They have the same rate of change

Explanation

This question tests comparing rates of change (slopes) between an equation and a table representation. From Function A's equation f(x)=-2x+10, we identify the slope as -2 (coefficient of x). For Function B's table, we calculate slope using consecutive points: if the table shows values like (0,0), (1,3), (2,6), then slope = (3-0)/(1-0) = 3. Comparing the slopes: Function A has slope -2 and Function B has slope 3, and since 3>-2 (positive is greater than negative), Function B has the greater rate of change. The error in option A compares the y-intercepts (10 vs some value) instead of slopes, while option C incorrectly claims -2>3. Strategy: (1) extract slope from equation (coefficient of x, including sign), (2) calculate slope from table using Δy/Δx, (3) compare signed numbers correctly (positive > negative), (4) remember that "greater rate of change" means larger slope value, not steeper decline.

4

Function A is given by the equation $r(x)=-x+9$.

Function B is described as: “Starts at 3 and increases by 1 for every 1 increase in $x$.”

At $x=4$, which function has the greater output?

Function B, because it gives 7 at $x=4$ while $r(4)=5$

They are equal at $x=4$

Function A, because $r(4)=5$ and Function B gives 7

Function A, because it starts higher at 9

Explanation

Tests comparing linear functions from different representations (equation, table, graph, verbal) by extracting and comparing rate of change (slope) and initial value (y-intercept). Extract properties: from y=mx+b equation (m=slope, b=intercept directly), from table (slope=Δy/Δx between rows: (6-1)/(1-0)=5, intercept=y when x=0), from graph (slope=rise/run counting grid squares, intercept where crosses y-axis), from verbal ("starts at 5"=intercept, "increases by 3 per"=slope). Compare: larger slope grows faster (steeper), larger intercept starts higher. For example, the equation r(x)=-x+9 gives r(4)=5 with slope -1 and intercept 9, while Function B described verbally gives y=3+1*4=7 with slope 1 and intercept 3, so Function B has greater output at x=4 since 7>5. In this question, Function B has the greater output at x=4 because its value is 7, calculated from the verbal description, compared to Function A's 5 from the equation. A common error is reversing the comparison or focusing on initial values instead, such as claiming Function A is greater because it starts at 9. Strategy: (1) identify representation type for each function, (2) extract slope (equation: coefficient of x, table: Δy/Δx, graph: rise/run, verbal: rate stated), (3) extract y-intercept (equation: constant term, table: y at x=0, graph: y-axis crossing, verbal: initial value), (4) compare (which m larger? which b larger?), (5) interpret (steeper slope means faster growth, higher intercept means higher start). Common errors: confusing slope and intercept (using b value as rate), inverting slope from table (Δx/Δy), misreading graph (counting wrong or reading wrong point), misinterpreting verbal (rate vs initial value confused).

5

Function A is shown in the table. Function B is given by the equation $g(x)=4x-1$.

Which function has the greater initial value (the $y$-intercept)?

Question graphic

Function A, because its slope is 7

Function B, because its slope is 4

Function A, because its initial value is 7 and $7>-1$

Function B, because its initial value is 4

Explanation

This question tests comparing initial values (y-intercepts) of linear functions from different representations (table and equation). From Function B's equation g(x)=4x-1, we identify the slope as 4 and y-intercept as -1 (the constant term). For Function A's table, we need to find the y-intercept by looking at the value when x=0, which appears to be 7 based on the pattern (though the table isn't shown, this is implied by the correct answer). Comparing initial values: Function A has y-intercept 7 and Function B has y-intercept -1, so since 7>-1, Function A has the greater initial value. The errors in options B and D confuse slope (4) with initial value, while option C incorrectly identifies 7 as the slope rather than the y-intercept. Strategy: (1) recognize initial value means y-intercept, (2) extract y-intercept from equation (constant term), (3) find y-intercept from table (y-value when x=0), (4) compare values including negative numbers correctly, (5) avoid confusing slope and intercept.

6

Function A is given by $f(x)=2x+9$. Function B is described as: “It starts at 12 when $x=0$ and decreases by 1 for each increase of 1 in $x$.” At $x=4$, which function has the greater value?

Function B, because it decreases so it must be larger

Function B, because it starts higher

They are equal at $x=4$

Function A, because $f(4)=17$ and Function B is 8 at $x=4$

Explanation

This question tests comparing linear functions from different representations (equation, table, graph, verbal) by extracting and comparing rate of change (slope) and initial value (y-intercept). Extract properties: from y=mx+b equation (m=slope, b=intercept directly), from table (slope=Δy/Δx between rows: (6-1)/(1-0)=5, intercept=y when x=0), from graph (slope=rise/run counting grid squares, intercept where crosses y-axis), from verbal ("starts at 5"=intercept, "increases by 3 per"=slope). Compare: larger slope grows faster (steeper), larger intercept starts higher. For example, to compare at x=4, equation f(x)=2x+9 gives 2*4+9=17, verbal starts at 12 decreases by 1 per x so 12-4=8, comparison 17>8 so equation is greater. In this question, Function A at x=4 is 17, Function B at x=4 is 8, so Function A has the greater value because 17>8. A common error is miscalculating the verbal function like subtracting wrong or confusing decrease with increase. Strategy: (1) identify representation type for each function, (2) extract slope (equation: coefficient of x, table: Δy/Δx, graph: rise/run, verbal: rate stated), (3) extract y-intercept (equation: constant term, table: y at x=0, graph: y-axis crossing, verbal: initial value), (4) compare (which m larger? which b larger?), (5) interpret (steeper slope means faster growth, higher intercept means higher start). Common errors: confusing slope and intercept (using b value as rate), inverting slope from table (Δx/Δy), misreading graph (counting wrong or reading wrong point), misinterpreting verbal (rate vs initial value confused).

7

Function A is given by the equation $p(x)=1.5x+6$.

Function B is described as: “Starts at 4 and increases by 2 each time $x$ increases by 1.”

Which statement correctly compares their initial values and rates of change?

Function A starts higher, and Function A grows faster

Function A starts higher, but Function B grows faster

Function B starts higher, but Function B grows faster

Function B starts higher, and Function A grows faster

Explanation

Tests comparing linear functions from different representations (equation, table, graph, verbal) by extracting and comparing rate of change (slope) and initial value (y-intercept). Extract properties: from y=mx+b equation (m=slope, b=intercept directly), from table (slope=Δy/Δx between rows: (6-1)/(1-0)=5, intercept=y when x=0), from graph (slope=rise/run counting grid squares, intercept where crosses y-axis), from verbal ("starts at 5"=intercept, "increases by 3 per"=slope). Compare: larger slope grows faster (steeper), larger intercept starts higher. For example, the equation p(x)=1.5x+6 has slope 1.5 and intercept 6, while Function B described verbally starts at 4 with rate 2 (slope 2, intercept 4), so Function A starts higher (6>4) but Function B grows faster (2>1.5). In this question, the correct statement is that Function A starts higher but Function B grows faster, based on comparing intercepts (6>4) and slopes (1.5<2). A common error is confusing which function has the greater slope or intercept, such as claiming Function A grows faster despite its smaller slope. Strategy: (1) identify representation type for each function, (2) extract slope (equation: coefficient of x, table: Δy/Δx, graph: rise/run, verbal: rate stated), (3) extract y-intercept (equation: constant term, table: y at x=0, graph: y-axis crossing, verbal: initial value), (4) compare (which m larger? which b larger?), (5) interpret (steeper slope means faster growth, higher intercept means higher start). Common errors: confusing slope and intercept (using b value as rate), inverting slope from table (Δx/Δy), misreading graph (counting wrong or reading wrong point), misinterpreting verbal (rate vs initial value confused).

8

Function $r$ is given by $r(x)=5x-4$. Function $s$ is described as: “It starts at 1 when $x=0$ and increases by 3 for every 1 increase in $x$.”

Which statement correctly compares their rates of change?

Function $r$ has a greater rate of change than function $s$.

They have the same rate of change.

Not enough information to compare rates of change.

Function $s$ has a greater rate of change than function $r$.

Explanation

This question tests comparing rates of change between equation and verbal representations. Function r has equation r(x) = 5x - 4, so its rate of change (slope) is 5. Function s is described as increasing by 3 for every 1 increase in x, so its rate of change is 3. Comparing: 5 > 3, so function r has the greater rate of change, making answer A correct. The initial values (r starts at -4, s starts at 1) are not relevant for this comparison. A common error would be comparing the initial values instead of the rates, or misinterpreting "increases by 3" as meaning the initial value rather than the slope.

9

Function A is given by $f(x)=-3x+12$. Function B is shown in the table.

Which function is decreasing faster (has the more negative slope)?

Function B, because its slope is $-2$ and $-2<-3$

They decrease at the same rate

Function A, because its slope is $-3$ and $-3<-2$

Function B, because its initial value is 11

Explanation

This question tests comparing which function decreases faster by examining negative slopes. Function A from f(x)=-3x+12 has slope -3 and y-intercept 12. For Function B from the table, we calculate slope; based on the correct answer, it must have slope -2. When comparing negative slopes for "decreasing faster," we want the more negative value: -3 is more negative than -2 (since -3<-2), so Function A decreases faster. Option C incorrectly claims -2<-3 (which is false), while option B focuses on initial value rather than rate of decrease. Strategy: (1) extract negative slopes from both representations, (2) remember "decreasing faster" means more negative slope, (3) compare negative numbers correctly (-3<-2 means -3 is more negative), (4) avoid confusing "smaller number" with "less steep" for negative slopes.

10

Function $a$ is described as: “It starts at 6 when $x=0$ and increases by 3 for every 1 increase in $x$.”

Function $b$ is given by $b(x)=2x+9$.

Which statement correctly compares their initial values?

Not enough information to compare initial values.

Function $b$ has a greater initial value than function $a$.

Function $a$ has a greater initial value than function $b$.

They have the same initial value.

Explanation

This question tests comparing initial values between verbal and equation representations. Function a is described as starting at 6 when x = 0, so its initial value is 6. Function b is given by b(x) = 2x + 9, where the initial value (y-intercept) is 9. Comparing these: 9 > 6, so function b has the greater initial value, making answer B correct. The verbal description "increases by 3 for every 1 increase in x" tells us the slope is 3, but this is not relevant for comparing initial values. A common error would be confusing the rate of change (3) with the initial value (6) in the verbal description, or using the slope coefficient (2) instead of the y-intercept (9) from the equation.

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