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MCAT Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems Flashcards: 3a Endocrine Glands Hormone Classes

Study 3a Endocrine Glands Hormone Classes in MCAT Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems with focused flashcards that help you recognize the idea, recall the key rule, and apply it in practice-style prompts.

QUESTION

What is the defining property of peptide hormones regarding membrane permeability and receptor location?

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ANSWER

Water-soluble; bind cell-surface receptors. Their hydrophilic nature prevents membrane crossing, so they activate G-protein-coupled receptors to initiate intracellular signaling.

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MCAT Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems: Foundational Concept 3: Organ Systems and Homeostasis

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This deck focuses on 3a Endocrine Glands Hormone Classes, giving you a quick way to review the definitions, rules, and examples that matter most for MCAT Biological and Biochemical Foundations of Living Systems.

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Work through these flashcards in short sessions. Try to answer each prompt before flipping the card, then revisit any cards you miss until the explanation feels automatic.

Practice questions

1 of 50Practice questions for this set
Investigators examined a lipid-soluble hormone secreted by an endocrine gland located atop the kidneys. In healthy volunteers, an intravenous infusion of this hormone for 30 minutes increased expression of epithelial Na+^+ channels in distal nephron cells and was followed by a gradual rise in arterial pressure over 2 hours. When arterial pressure rose, secretion of the hormone decreased. A separate arm used a competitive antagonist that prevented the hormone–receptor complex from binding DNA response elements. Plasma electrolyte data are shown: Condition | Plasma [Na+^+] (mM) | Plasma [K+^+] (mM) Baseline | 140 | 4.2 Infusion | 143 | 3.6 Infusion + DNA-binding antagonist | 140 | 4.2 Based on the vignette, which outcome is most consistent with this hormone class's mechanism of action?
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