In days past, a portrait would be painted by a painter. It was the thing created by the painter; therefore, this analogy is one of “maker to thing made,” as though to say, “As the painter makes a portrait, so a composer makes X.” Among the options provided, only “symphony” describes what a composer would make. He would write the musical score for the symphony, which can just be called “a symphony” indicating the musical score itself.

"Ivory" is a precious material that comes from "elephants," just as valuable "pearls" come from "oysters.

"Minerals" are extraceted from a "mine," much like "timber" is extracted from a "forest."

A scribe is a person who writes a text by hand. The word “scribe” is not only related to the “script” found in “manuscript” but also to “scribble,” “ascribe,” and “inscribe.” It comes from the Latin for to write. The analogy could be read, “As a scribe works on a manuscript, so a cobbler works on X.” The only option here is “shoe,” for the other words are attempting to have you think of a simple synonym for the dessert known as “cobbler” or a description of a cobbler as a repairman. Although we generally say that scribes produce manuscripts and that cobblers merely repair shoes, the analogy does hold when we use the broader sense noted above, namely that of “working on.”

"Orchards" are the place where "apples" are grown; therefore "vineyards" are where "grapes" are grown.

A seed gives rise to descendents—whether we are discussing the seed of plants or the “seed” of animals (sperm). A tributary is a body of water that runs into a larger one, feeding it as well as helping to create it. It could be said that just as a seed gives rise to descendents—even for generations from one seed—so too does a tributary give rise to a river. Among the options, this is the only one that fits the analogy in any manner.

A cobbler is more than a type of delicious dessert. The word likewise mean “a person who repairs footwear.” The analogy thus runs, “As the cobbler repairs footwear, so does the tailor repair . . .” Now, a tailor does indeed to more than repair items, but the analogy merely focuses on this aspect of repairing. While a tailor might repair trousers, the general thing that they repair are clothes, a synonym of which is “attire.” This is the best option among those provided.

The relationship between computers and calculations is that the former perform the latter. While it is used in an extended sense, we can say that an actor performs a monologue, not merely in the theatrical sense of “perform” but also in the sense of “doing.” The monologue of an actor is a given task—like a calculation for a computer—that he does. Furthermore, none of the other potential answers are quite specific to actors, indicating that they are unlikely candidates. Finally, none of the other options are specific actions to be done. For the reasons already mentioned, we need to have a specific action. For this reason, “monologue,” stands out as the best answer.

"Steel" is made of raw "ore," just as "rubber" is made from "sap."

A “raconteur” is a person who is someone who can retell stories (often in an amusing way). The analogy could be read as stating, “As a raconteur is known for telling stories, so a perjurer is known for X.” When someone commits perjury, that person makes a false statement in court when he or she is under oath to speak the truth; therefore, the best option among those provided is “lies,” for this best describes that for which a perjurer would be characteristically known.