Electric Potential Energy - AP Physics 2

Repulsive interaction between like charges. Same charges repel, requiring energy to bring them together.

Electric potential energy decreases. Attractive force releases energy as charges approach each other.

$U = k_e \frac{q_1 q_2}{r}$. Direct formula from Coulomb's law for two point charges.

$W = -60 \text{ J}$. Direct calculation: $W = -4 \times 5 \times 3 = -60$ J.

$\triangle U = q \triangle V$. Change in potential energy from moving through potential difference.

$U = qEd$. Formula for potential energy in constant electric field.

Electric potential is the potential energy per unit charge. Potential energy divided by charge gives potential at a point.

Joule (J). Standard SI unit for all forms of energy.

Surface where electric potential is constant. Surface of points having identical electric potential values.

Increases potential energy. Larger separation increases energy stored in electric field.

$U = -6 \text{ J}$. With $\theta = 0°$: $U = -2 \times 3 \times 1 = -6$ J.

$V = 25 \text{ V}$. Solving $U = qV$ for potential: $V = \frac{50}{2} = 25$ V.

Coulomb's constant, $8.99 \times 10^9 \text{ N m}^2/\text{C}^2$. Fundamental constant relating electric force and charge separation.

Electric potential energy increases. Repulsive force requires work to decrease separation distance.

$W = -qEd$. Negative sign indicates work done against the electric field.

$U = qV$. Direct relationship between potential energy and electric potential.

Energy stored in a system due to electric forces. Energy from charge interactions and positions in electric fields.

$U = k_e \frac{q_1 q_2}{r}$. Standard two-charge potential energy formula from Coulomb's law.

$U = k_e \frac{q_1 q_2}{r}$. Direct formula from Coulomb's law for two point charges.

$U = qV$. Direct application of the potential energy-potential relationship.

Electric potential energy decreases. Attractive force releases energy as charges approach each other.

Joule (J). Standard SI unit for all forms of energy.

Increases potential energy. Larger separation increases energy stored in electric field.

Attractive interaction between opposite charges. Opposite charges attract, releasing energy when brought together.

Zero, as potential energy approaches zero at infinity. Infinity serves as the standard reference point for potential energy.

$U = 5.394 \times 10^{10} \text{ J}$. Using $U = k_e \frac{q_1 q_2}{r} = 8.99 \times 10^9 \times \frac{2 \times 3}{1}$.

$U = \frac{1}{2} CV^2$. Standard formula for energy stored in capacitor electric field.

$U = 35.96 \times 10^9 \text{ J}$. Using $U = 8.99 \times 10^9 \times \frac{1 \times 2}{0.5}$.

$U = qV$. Fundamental relationship between charge, potential, and potential energy.