Question 1
Assuming a perfectly competitive market in equilibrium, which of the following would necessarily result in a lower equilibrium price for apples?
- A new technology allows apples to be picked and processed at a lower cost
- The wage paid to apple pickers increases AND consumer incomes shrink
- A popular talk show host touts the health benefits of apples
- The price of a substitute good increases
Explanation: A new technology for harvesting/processing apples would shift the supply curve outward, which would necessarily result in a lower market price for apples.
Incorrect answers:
- Talk show host increases demand => higher price
- Price of substitute increases => higher demand => higher price
- Wages increase => lower supply. Lower incomes => lower demand. Net result is lower quantity, ambiguous change in price.