The Rise of Global Markets Practice Test

By the late nineteenth century, European manufacturers sold textiles, machinery, and consumer goods worldwide, while importing foodstuffs and raw materials. The telegraph and improved shipping helped integrate prices across regions, yet downturns could spread more rapidly as trade and finance became interconnected. Which statement best captures a major effect of this growing global market integration on Europe?

During the nineteenth century, Britain repealed the Corn Laws (1846) and promoted freer trade, while other European states debated whether to protect domestic industry or lower tariffs to access global markets. Meanwhile, cheap grain imports could benefit urban workers but threaten landowners and farmers. Which factor most directly explains why many industrializing European countries eventually embraced freer trade at least in some sectors?