Making Decisions: If Statements

Programs need to make decisions and repeat actions. Control structures help you do just that!

If-Else

if statements let your program choose between options.

if (score >= 60) {
  System.out.println("You passed!");
} else {
  System.out.println("Try again!");
}

Loops: for and while

Loops repeat code several times.

• for loops are used when you know how many times you want to repeat something.

for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
  System.out.println("Hello!");
}

• while loops repeat as long as a condition is true.

int count = 0;
while (count < 3) {
  System.out.println("Counting up: " + count);
  count++;
}

Why Use Control Structures?

They allow your programs to react to user input, process data, and perform tasks automatically.

Everyday Example

Setting an alarm: If it's a school day, set the alarm for 7 AM; otherwise, sleep in!