The Eucharist should not be viewed as a literal transformation of bread and wine into the body and blood of Christ.

Faith alone was all that was needed for salvation.

The church should be a community of believers, rather than a hierarchical institution headed by the pope in Rome.

Religious authority resides in the word of God as revealed through the Bible, rather than in the church.

Political authority was illegitimate, and peasants had the right to revolt against those who ruled over them.