Topic Development - ACT English

A sentence that states the main idea of a paragraph. Controls paragraph focus and guides supporting details.

All sentences contribute to the same main idea without digressions. Unity requires all parts to work toward the same central purpose.

It is irrelevant to the paragraph’s focus or disrupts unity. Deletion typically removes sentences that break paragraph unity.

A needed explanation, example, or transition is missing. Addition typically fills gaps in logic or support.

For instance. Choose transitions based on logical relationship, not random selection.

Furthermore. Signals additional supporting information or ideas.

As a result. This phrase clearly shows one thing leads to another outcome.

To provide evidence and examples for the main idea. These details strengthen and prove the paragraph's central claim.

Ideas flow logically with clear connections and effective sequencing. Coherence creates smooth, logical progression between ideas.

To reinforce the main idea or provide a logical wrap-up. Concluding sentences create closure and emphasize the main point.

Concrete, precise information rather than vague general statements. Specific details are more effective than general statements.

Contrast or concession. These transitions signal opposition to the previous idea.

Illustration or example. These transitions introduce specific cases or demonstrations.

Sequence or chronology. These transitions show time order or step-by-step progression.

To convince the reader to accept a viewpoint. Uses evidence and reasoning to influence opinions.

To address opposing views and strengthen the argument. Acknowledges objections to demonstrate thorough analysis.

To provide evidence and examples for the main idea. These details strengthen and prove the paragraph's central claim.

To tell a story or recount an event. Chronicles events in chronological or meaningful sequence.

To address opposing views and strengthen the argument. Acknowledges objections to demonstrate thorough analysis.

Lacks specific reasons; revise for clarity. Needs specific supporting reasons to be persuasive.

Writing that explains or informs. Presents facts and analysis without personal opinion.

To connect ideas smoothly between paragraphs. Creates smooth transitions between major sections.

To convince the reader to accept a viewpoint. Uses evidence and reasoning to influence opinions.

To engage readers at the beginning of a story. Captures reader attention from the story's opening.

To introduce the topic and present the thesis. Sets the foundation and direction for the entire essay.

However. Shows opposition or contradiction between ideas.

A summary of key points and a final thought. Provides closure by reinforcing main ideas and lasting impact.

To create a vivid image for the reader. Appeals to readers' senses through detailed imagery.

Lacks a clear connection between ideas. Missing transition creates abrupt shift between unrelated topics.