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  1. ISEE Middle Level Verbal Reasoning
  2. Choose a synonym for a given word.

A ≈ BHAPPY = GLADBIG ≈ LARGEFAST = QUICK
ISEE MIDDLE LEVEL • VERBAL REASONING

Choose a synonym for a given word.

Master the art of matching words with their closest meanings to ace ISEE synonym questions.

SECTION 1

Why Do Synonyms Matter?

Have you ever texted a friend and searched for just the right word? Maybe you wanted to say something was "cool" but also wanted to try "awesome" or "amazing." That instinct — finding different words that mean the same thing — is exactly what synonym questions on the ISEE test. A synonym is a word that has the same or nearly the same meaning as another word.

People have been studying the relationships between words for thousands of years. Understanding synonyms helps us communicate clearly, read with stronger understanding, and write with more variety. The ISEE tests this skill because private schools want students who can handle challenging vocabulary.

200 BC
Ancient Word Lists
Ancient Greek scholars created some of the first lists of words with similar meanings to help students learn language more deeply.
1852
Roget's Thesaurus Published
Peter Mark Roget published his famous thesaurus, a book that groups words by meaning. It became a go-to tool for finding synonyms and is still used today.
1933
Standardized Testing Begins
Vocabulary and synonym questions became a standard part of admissions tests. Test makers discovered that synonym skills predict how well students read and learn.
Today
ISEE Synonym Questions
The ISEE Middle Level includes about 17–20 synonym questions. You see a word in CAPITAL LETTERS and pick the answer choice closest in meaning.

The big question is: how do you figure out the closest meaning when the answer choices all seem similar? That's what this lesson will teach you. You'll learn proven strategies that make synonym questions feel much more manageable.

SECTION 2

Core Principles of Synonym Questions

Before you dive into practice, you need to understand a few key ideas. These principles will guide your thinking every time you face a synonym question on the ISEE.

1

Closest, Not Perfect

The ISEE asks for the word closest in meaning. Synonyms rarely mean exactly the same thing. Pick the best match among the four choices, even if it isn't perfect.
2

Ignore Spelling & Sound

Some wrong answers look or sound like the given word. "Decent" and "descent" look alike but have totally different meanings. Focus on meaning, not appearance.
3

Think About Connotation

Connotation is the feeling or vibe a word carries. "Thrifty" and "cheap" both mean someone doesn't spend much money, but "thrifty" is positive and "cheap" is negative. Match the connotation.
4

Watch for Multiple Meanings

Many words have more than one definition. "Fair" can mean just, light-skinned, or a carnival. If your first definition doesn't match any answer, try another meaning.
5

Use Process of Elimination

There is no penalty for wrong answers on the ISEE. Eliminate choices you know are wrong, then guess from what's left. Even crossing off one choice improves your odds.
✦ KEY TAKEAWAY
Think of synonym questions like a matching game in a video game. You're looking for the pair that belongs together — not a perfect twin, but the closest match on the board. If you can't find the match right away, start removing the ones that definitely don't belong.
SECTION 3

How Synonym Questions Look on the ISEE

Let's look at a visual map of how synonym questions are structured and how your brain should process them. The diagram below shows the exact format you'll see on test day and the thinking steps you should follow.

ISEE Synonym Question FormatABUNDANTGiven word in CAPITAL LETTERSPick the CLOSEST meaning:A.absent✗ oppositeB.beautiful✗ unrelatedC.plentiful✓ closest!D.abandoned✗ sounds alikeYour 4-Step Thinking Process1Define ItWhat does the word mean?2PredictThink of your own synonym3EliminateCross off wrong choices4Choose BestPick the closest matchRemember: there is NO penalty for guessing, so always answer every question!
This diagram shows the format of an ISEE synonym question at the top, with the given word in capitals and four answer choices. Notice how Choice D ("abandoned") sounds like "abundant" but means something completely different — this is a common trap. The bottom section shows the four thinking steps you should follow every time.

Notice three common traps in the diagram above. Choice A ("absent") is an antonym (opposite meaning). Choice B ("beautiful") is completely unrelated. Choice D ("abandoned") sounds similar to "abundant" but means something different. Only Choice C ("plentiful") is the true synonym.

SECTION 4

How the Strategy Works Step by Step

Let's dig deeper into each of the four steps. Think of this as your game plan — the moves you make every single time you see a synonym question.

Step 1: Define the Word

Read the capitalized word and ask yourself: "What does this mean?" If you know the word, great — say the definition in your head. If you don't know the word, look for word parts you recognize. A prefix (beginning), root (middle), or suffix (ending) can give you a clue. For example, "unfriendly" has the prefix "un-" meaning "not," so it means "not friendly."

Step 2: Predict Your Own Synonym

Before looking at the answer choices, think of a word that means the same thing. This is super important! If you look at the choices first, the wrong answers can confuse you. By predicting first, you give your brain a target to match.

Step 3: Eliminate Wrong Choices

Now scan the choices. Cross off anything that is an opposite (antonym), unrelated, or just sounds similar but means something different. Even if you're unsure, eliminating one or two choices greatly helps your odds.

Step 4: Choose the Best Match

Compare your remaining choices. Pick the one that is closest to your prediction from Step 2. Remember, it doesn't have to be a perfect match — just the best match among the choices given.

💡 TEST-TAKING TIP
If you're stuck on a synonym question, try putting the given word in a short sentence: "The weather was FRIGID." Then swap in each answer choice. Which one keeps the same meaning? "The weather was cold." That works! This substitution trick helps you compare meanings quickly.
SECTION 5

Using Word Parts to Unlock Unknown Words

What happens when you see a word you've never encountered before? Don't panic! Breaking a word into its parts is like being a detective. Many English words are built from Latin and Greek roots, prefixes, and suffixes. If you learn the most common ones, you can figure out the meanings of hundreds of unfamiliar words.

Word Parts Decoder: Prefixes, Roots, & SuffixesLearn these common parts to unlock unknown vocabularyPREFIXES(word beginnings)un-= not (unhappy)re-= again (rebuild)pre-= before (preview)mis-= wrong (mislead)in-/im-= not (impossible)ROOTS(word cores / middles)bene= good (benefit)mal= bad (malice)aud= hear (audible)vis/vid= see (visible)rupt= break (erupt)SUFFIXES(word endings)-ous= full of (joyous)-able= can be (washable)-tion= act of (creation)-less= without (fearless)-ful= full of (grateful)Example: Breaking Down "INCREDIBLE"IN-not+CREDbelieve+-IBLEable to be="not able tobe believed"Synonym: UNBELIEVABLE or ASTONISHING
This chart shows the most useful prefixes, roots, and suffixes for the ISEE. At the bottom, see how the word "incredible" breaks into three parts: in- (not) + cred (believe) + -ible (able to be), meaning "not able to be believed." Knowing this helps you match it with a synonym like "unbelievable" or "astonishing."

You don't need to memorize a dictionary to do well on synonym questions. Just knowing these 15 word parts can help you decode dozens of unfamiliar words. When you see a tough word on the test, look for a familiar piece and use it as a clue.

Examples of using word parts to figure out meaning
Unknown WordWord Parts You RecognizeWhat It Probably Means
BENEVOLENTbene (good) + vol (wish)Wishing good → kind, generous
INVISIBLEin- (not) + vis (see) + -ible (able)Not able to be seen → hidden, unseen
DISRUPTIONdis- (apart) + rupt (break) + -tion (act of)Act of breaking apart → disturbance, interruption
SECTION 6

Worked Example: Solving a Synonym Question

Let's walk through a full synonym question together, using all four steps. Follow along and notice how each step brings you closer to the right answer.

📝 SAMPLE QUESTION
TRANQUIL (A) tired (B) peaceful (C) transparent (D) quick

Solving: TRANQUIL

Step 1 — Define the Word

Think about the word TRANQUIL. You might have heard "tranquility" before — like when someone says the ocean is tranquil. It gives you a feeling of calm and quiet.
TRANQUIL means calm, quiet, peaceful

Step 2 — Predict a Synonym

Before looking at the choices, come up with your own word. You might think of "calm" or "peaceful" or "serene." Now you have a target to match.
Prediction: "calm" or "peaceful"

Step 3 — Eliminate Wrong Choices

Now check each choice. (A) "tired" — being tired is not the same as being calm. Eliminate. (C) "transparent" — this means see-through. It starts with "tran-" just like "tranquil," but the meanings are totally different. This is a sound-alike trap! Eliminate. (D) "quick" — this is actually closer to an opposite of calm. Eliminate.
Eliminated A, C, and D

Step 4 — Choose the Best Match

(B) "peaceful" matches your prediction perfectly. It means calm and without disturbance, just like "tranquil."
Answer: (B) peaceful ✓
✦ KEY TAKEAWAY
Notice how Choice C ("transparent") was designed to trick you because it sounds like "tranquil." This is like when a player in basketball fakes going left but goes right — the test makers are trying to fake you out. Always focus on meaning, not on how a word looks or sounds.
SECTION 7

Common Traps and How to Avoid Them

The ISEE is cleverly designed. The wrong answers aren't random — they're chosen to tempt you. Let's look at the most common traps so you can spot them and steer clear.

Four trap types to watch for on ISEE synonym questions
Trap TypeHow It WorksHow to Beat It
Sound-AlikeAn answer choice looks or sounds like the given word but means something different. Example: ALLUSION vs. ILLUSION.Focus on meaning, not spelling. Put each word in a sentence to check.
Antonym TrickAn answer choice means the opposite. Your brain recognizes a connection and might grab it without thinking.Ask: "Is this the same or opposite?" Opposites are always wrong.
Related TopicAn answer is in the same general category but doesn't mean the same thing. Example: SPRINT doesn't mean ATHLETE, even though they're related.A synonym must mean the same thing, not just remind you of the same topic.
Wrong DefinitionThe answer matches a different meaning of the word. "NOVEL" can mean a book OR something new. The test might want "new" but offer "story."If no choice matches your first definition, try a second meaning of the given word.
⚠️ REMEMBER
There is absolutely no penalty for wrong answers on the ISEE. If you can't figure out the right answer, eliminate what you can and guess from the remaining choices. A guess gives you a chance to get it right, but a blank is always wrong. Never leave a question blank!
SECTION 8

Connecting Synonyms to Sentence Completions

Synonym skills don't just help with synonym questions. They are the foundation for the other major question type in Verbal Reasoning: Sentence Completions. In sentence completions, you read a sentence with a blank and choose the word that fits best. A strong vocabulary — built through synonym practice — makes these questions much easier.

How synonym and sentence completion questions compare
FeatureSynonym QuestionsSentence Completions
What you seeA single word in CAPITAL LETTERSA sentence with one blank
Context clues?No — you must know the word or use word partsYes — the sentence gives you clues
Key skillVocabulary knowledge & word partsVocabulary + reading comprehension
Strategy overlapDefine → Predict → Eliminate → ChooseRead → Predict → Eliminate → Choose

As you keep studying, you'll notice that the same vocabulary shows up in both question types. Every word you learn for synonyms also prepares you for sentence completions. Building your vocabulary is one of the highest-value things you can do for the entire Verbal Reasoning section.

📚 STUDY TIP
When you learn a new word, don't just memorize the definition. Write it in a sentence, think of two synonyms, and think of one antonym. This deeper practice helps the word stick in your memory and prepares you for both question types.
SECTION 9

Practice Problems

Time to put your skills to the test! These five questions are in ISEE format, getting harder as you go. Use the four-step strategy: Define, Predict, Eliminate, Choose. Remember — no penalty for guessing!

PROBLEM 1 — CONCEPTUAL
JOYFUL (A) sad (B) happy (C) angry (D) tired
PROBLEM 2 — BASIC
CONCEAL (A) reveal (B) hide (C) steal (D) concern
PROBLEM 3 — INTERMEDIATE
DILIGENT (A) careless (B) different (C) hardworking (D) intelligent
PROBLEM 4 — APPLIED
Novel (A) fictional (B) lengthy (C) original (D) popular
PROBLEM 5 — CRITICAL THINKING
ADVERSARY (A) adventure (B) hardship (C) opponent (D) advertisement
SUMMARY

Quick Review: Everything You Need to Know

ISEE synonym questions give you a word in CAPITAL LETTERS and ask you to pick the answer choice with the closest meaning. Use the four-step strategy: Define the word, Predict your own synonym, Eliminate wrong choices, and Choose the best match. Watch out for the four common traps: sound-alikes, antonyms, related-topic words, and wrong-definition traps.

When you encounter an unfamiliar word, break it into prefixes, roots, and suffixes to decode its meaning. Pay attention to connotation — the positive or negative feeling a word carries. Remember that many words have multiple meanings, so if your first definition doesn't match any choice, try a second one. Most importantly, never leave a question blank — there's no penalty for guessing on the ISEE, so always pick an answer!

Varsity Tutors • ISEE Middle Level • Choose a synonym for a given word.