Resolve Paradox or Discrepancy Practice Test

In a longitudinal study of sleep, researchers found that participants who reported drinking coffee in the afternoon had, on average, shorter total sleep time. Yet the same participants also scored higher on next-day attention tests than participants who avoided afternoon coffee. The study noted that coffee drinkers were more likely to report a brief nap earlier in the day and were more likely to have flexible work schedules. Which of the following, if true, best resolves the apparent discrepancy?

A company shifted to a four-day workweek, expecting employee productivity to remain stable while job satisfaction improved. Six months later, employee surveys did show higher satisfaction and lower self-reported burnout. Yet the company’s total output, measured in completed client projects, fell by 10%. The company also instituted a new policy requiring additional documentation for each project to improve compliance, and it reassigned some experienced staff to train new hires. Which of the following helps explain the seeming contradiction?