Checks on the Judicial Branch Practice Test

State ratification under Article V, requiring states to approve each federal judge to ensure regional balance on federal courts.

Judicial review under Article III, allowing courts to approve nominees by striking down Senate rules that limit confirmation debates.

The president’s commander-in-chief power, enabling the executive to appoint judges unilaterally during national emergencies without Senate input.

Senate advice and consent on judicial nominations, an Article II check allowing confirmation to be withheld unless the Senate approves.

Congressional oversight hearings under Article I, allowing committees to reverse court decisions by subpoenaing judges during oral arguments.