Continuity and Change in Modern Times Practice Test

Change: nationalism disappeared; continuity: multiethnic dynastic empires reformed themselves and regained dominance after decolonization.

Change: all Europeans adopted a single state religion; continuity: churches directly appointed ministers and controlled taxation across the continent.

Change: immigration ended after 1960; continuity: Europe remained ethnically homogeneous as governments prohibited permanent settlement by foreign workers everywhere.

Change: European states abolished citizenship; continuity: local guilds controlled urban labor markets as in the seventeenth century.

Change: immigration increased cultural and religious diversity; continuity: debates over national identity and belonging persisted, often shaping party politics and policy.