Function of Simile: Short Fiction Practice Test

In the following excerpt, a man stands at a podium to give a eulogy, but his prepared notes blur as he looks at the front row. He grips the edges of the paper. What is the function of the simile “Grief moved through him like weather, sudden and without permission”?

In this excerpt, a man sits in traffic on a bridge, watching the river below carry branches and foam. His phone buzzes with another work email. What is the function of the simile “The email subject lines stacked up like sandbags against a flood that kept rising”?