Modifying and Qualifying Claims Practice Test

Read the following excerpt and answer the question.

A technology columnist argues that generative AI can help students brainstorm more effectively. He describes how a student might use an AI tool to produce a list of counterarguments or examples, then choose the strongest ones. But he warns that AI is useful for brainstorming only when students verify facts and cite sources independently, because the tool can invent details. He also notes that in classes emphasizing original voice, heavy reliance could weaken a student’s style, even if the outline is efficient. He concludes that AI should be treated as a starting point, not a substitute for thinking.

The author qualifies the claim primarily by…

Read the following excerpt and answer the question.

A university dean proposes replacing most printed handouts with digital materials to cut costs and waste. She points out that the school spends thousands annually on printing and that many pages are discarded unread. Yet she admits that the shift should be gradual and should include printed options for students who lack consistent device access or who need accommodations. She also warns that savings would be smaller than advertised if departments continue printing unofficial copies, a habit that would require clear guidelines. For that reason, she frames the proposal as a phased transition rather than an immediate ban.

The author qualifies the claim primarily by…