Review real example questions for Real Numbers in ACT Math.
Question 1
What is the absolute value of −37?
−37
37
73
7
Explanation: The absolute value of a number is its distance from zero on the number line, always positive or zero. The absolute value of −37 is the distance from −37 to 0, which is 37 units. Therefore, ∣−37∣=37.
Question 2
Which number is greatest? −0.5, 0.1, −0.1, 0.05
−0.5
0.1
−0.1
0.05
Explanation: We need to identify the greatest among -0.5, 0.1, -0.1, and 0.05. On the number line, positive numbers are greater than negative numbers, and among positive numbers, larger values are to the right. Comparing the positive values: 0.1 > 0.05, and both are greater than the negative values -0.5 and -0.1. Therefore, 0.1 is the greatest.
Question 3
What is the absolute value of −49?
−49
49
94
9
Explanation: The absolute value of a number is its distance from zero on the number line, which is always positive or zero. The absolute value of −49 is the distance from −49 to 0, which is 49 units. Therefore, −49=49.
Question 4
Which number is smallest? −2, −43, 0.5, 1
0.5
−43
−2
1
Explanation: We need to identify the smallest among -2, -3/4, 0.5, and 1. Convert to decimals: -2 = -2, -3/4 = -0.75, 0.5 = 0.5, 1 = 1. On the number line, negative numbers are to the left of positive numbers, and among negative numbers, the one with greater absolute value is smaller. Since |-2| = 2 > |-0.75| = 0.75, -2 is smaller than -0.75.
Question 5
Which expression represents a real number? −1, ln(−1), 40.5, 01
−1
ln(−1)
40.5
01
Explanation: We need to identify which expression represents a real number. √(-1) is undefined in real numbers (square root of negative), ln(-1) is undefined (logarithm of negative), 4^0.5 = √4 = 2 is a positive real number, and 1/0 is undefined (division by zero). Only 4^0.5 represents a real number.
Question 6
Which of the following lists the numbers 3.14, π, and 722 in order from least to greatest? (Note: π≈3.14159...)
3.14<722<π
3.14<π<722
π<3.14<722
722<π<3.14
Explanation: This is an ordering of real numbers question testing number sense with irrational numbers. Choice B (3.14 < π < 22/7) is correct — converting to decimals: 3.14 = 3.1400..., π ≈ 3.14159..., 22/7 ≈ 3.14286. The correct order from least to greatest is: 3.14 < π < 22/7. Choice A (3.14 < 22/7 < π) places 3.14 correctly but swaps π and 22/7 — a very common error since 22/7 is often introduced as a shorthand for π, but it is actually slightly larger than π. Choice C (π < 3.14 < 22/7) incorrectly places π below 3.14, reversing their actual relationship — π ≈ 3.14159, which is greater than 3.14. Choice D (22/7 < π < 3.14) inverts the entire order, placing 22/7 as the smallest when it is actually the largest. Pro tip: Convert all three to decimals before comparing: 22 ÷ 7 ≈ 3.142857. This removes any ambiguity. Remember: 22/7 is a common approximation for π, but it overestimates π by about 0.001.
Question 7
What is the approximate value of 3?
1.7
1.73
1.8
1.83
Explanation: To approximate 3, we find perfect squares near 3. Since 12=1 and 22=4, 3 is between 1 and 2. More precisely, 1.72=2.89 and 1.82=3.24, so 3 is between 1.7 and 1.8. Calculating: 1.732=2.9929≈3, so 3≈1.73.
Question 8
Which number is greatest? −5, −2, 0, 3.
−5
−2
0
3
Explanation: We need to identify which number is greatest among -5, -2, 0, and 3. On the number line from left to right: -5 < -2 < 0 < 3. The rightmost position represents the greatest value. Therefore, 3 is the greatest number. Choice A incorrectly thought -5 was greatest, confusing the magnitude of negative numbers with their actual value.
Question 9
Which represents a rational number? 11, 0.75, π, e
11
0.75
π
e
Explanation: A rational number can be expressed as a fraction p/q where p and q are integers and q ≠ 0. √11 is irrational, 0.75 = 75/100 = 3/4 is rational (terminating decimal), π is irrational, and e is irrational. The decimal 0.75 terminates, making it rational.
Question 10
Which number is greatest? −3.5, −2.75, −4, −1.25.
−3.5
−2.75
−4
−1.25
Explanation: We need to identify which number is greatest among -3.5, -2.75, -4, and -1.25. All numbers are negative, so the one closest to zero is greatest. On the number line from left to right: -4 < -3.5 < -2.75 < -1.25. The rightmost position represents the greatest value. Therefore, -1.25 is the greatest number. Choice A incorrectly selected -3.5, not understanding that among negative numbers, the one with smallest magnitude is greatest.